景颇族传统昆虫药物胡蜂蜂毒对大鼠MCAO/R后BBB的保护作用及其潜在机制探索

脑缺血再灌注损伤（CIRI）是导致缺血性脑血管病恶化的重要原因。在脑缺血再灌注的过程中，由于自由基和一氧化氮（NO）剧增、能量代谢异常、兴奋性氨基酸毒性、炎症因子攻击、水通道蛋白4（AQP-4）过度表达、血脑屏障结构蛋白Claudin-5等缺失，导致血脑屏障（BBB）的破坏，使BBB通透性增加，加重脑水肿的程度，引发一系列缺血后期的病理生理改变，严重影响药物治疗效果。前期研究表明胡蜂蜂毒可改善MCAO/R大鼠神经病学评分、减轻脑梗死面积。但其作用于脑缺血后病理生理改变的哪一个环节，至今未涉及相关的研究。根据胡蜂的功效，我们大胆推测蜂针能治愈偏瘫患者的主要特色是“抗炎、消水肿、保护BBB”。因此本研究采用大鼠MCAO/R模型及细胞共培养技术，研究在前期实验中对脑缺血性损伤具有明显保护胡蜂毒素，是否与保护BBB有关？并探讨其可能的作用机制。

Cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury (CIRI) is an important cause of ischemic cerebrovascular disease. In the process of cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury, the free radicals and nitric oxide (NO) increase, energy metabolism, toxicity of excitatory amino acids, inflammatory factors attack, aquaporin 4 (AQP-4) overexpression and blood brain barrier structure protein claudin-5 deficiency, leading to blood brain barrier (BBB) damage, BBB permeability increase, the degree of brain edema aggravating, which trigger a series of pathophysiological changes during ischemia, and seriously affect the treatment effect of drugs. Previous studies have shown that vespid venom can improve the neurological score and reduce the cerebral infarction area of MCAO/R rats. However, it has not been involved in the study of the pathophysiological changes of cerebral ischemia. According to the efficacy of Wasp, we surmise that the main characteristics of the bee needle to cure hemiplegia patients are “anti-inflammatory, edema elimination, and BBB protection”. This study build a pathological model of cerebral ischemia / reperfusion injury (MCAO/R) in rats by suture method, researching whether the wasp venom with obvious protection on cerebral ischemic injury in the early stage of the experiment relates to the protection of BBB, and to explore its possible mechanism.