黏虫利用绿叶性气味改变体表挥发物趋避寄生蜂的作用机制

植物利用虫害诱导植物挥发物（HIPVs）吸引天敌是一种间接抗虫策略，而近期研究发现植食性昆虫也能够利用HIPVs趋避天敌，但其中的作用机制和生态学效应尚不清楚。本项目前期研究发现，顺-3-己烯基乙酸酯（HAC）是玉米被黏虫取食后释放的一种重要绿叶性气味，对寄生蜂有吸引作用，但黏虫能够利用HAC改变自身体表挥发物进而趋避中红侧沟茧蜂。本项目拟综合运用质谱分析、化学生态学、行为学等手段，利用HAC合成缺陷型玉米突变体，结合室内和大田实验：1）鉴定HAC诱导黏虫产生的体表挥发物，明确影响黏虫体表挥发物释放和功能发挥的重要因子；2）阐释HAC和黏虫挥发物对中红侧沟茧蜂行为的共同调控作用；3）解析HAC吸引天敌和黏虫利用HAC趋避天敌的双重生态学功能及其对中红侧沟茧蜂寄生能力的影响。研究结果将有助于初步揭示昆虫利用HIPVs的重要机制，丰富HIPVs多重生态学功能研究，为提高天敌生防效率提供新思路。

Using herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) to attract herbivore natural enemies is a kind of plant indirect defense strategies. Recently, some studies found that herbivores can use HIPVs to repel their natural enemies. However, the mechanisms and ecological effects of this phenomenon are not clear. The preliminary results of this project showed that: Z-3-Hexenyl acetate (HAC), which is a kind of maize plant green leaf volatiles and induced by oriental armyworm larvae, is not only attractive to parasitoids, but also can be used by oriental armyworm larvae to change their surface volatiles and repel parasitoids (Microplitis mediator). This project will combine technologies from metabolomics, chemical ecology and behavioristics, and conduct greenhouse and field experiments using the HAC deficient maize mutant: 1) to identify oriental armyworm surface volatiles induced by HAC and clarify the main factors for their release and function; 2) to investigate the total effects of HAC and oriental armyworm surface volatiles on parasitoid behavior, and 3) to explore the influence of HAC dual effects on parasitoid parasitism ability, which are both attractive to natural enemies and used by oriental armyworm larvae to repel parasitoids. These outcomes will uncover the critical mechanisms of utilization of HIPVs by herbivores, enrich the studies on HIPV multiple functions and supply new insights for improving natural enemy biocontrol efficiency.