固体表面流动液膜受热蒸发的润湿行为与传热强化

提高相变蒸发热传递能力对提高各领域的能源利用效率，解决电子、航天、军事和火灾防控领域等极端条件下的能量传递问题具有十分重要的意义。本课题基于液体的表面润湿行为研究表面蒸发传热，对表面受热蒸发换热机理展开研究。首先研究壁面受热液膜蒸发时的收缩机理，阐明液膜在壁面受热蒸发时收缩的微观机制。基于液膜受热收缩机制，提出表面尖角效应强化液体在固体表面受热时的润湿行为。根据力学平衡，建立异形表面尖角奇点效应引起的液膜分布突变理论，通过宏观异形尖角实现表面接触角（相对基底表面）的控制，抑制液膜的受热收缩。最后通过实验验证异形表面的蒸发传热强化机制并建立与表面结构相关的传热关联式，指导换热器设计。

The improvement of evaporation heat transfer performance is of significance to improve the energy efficiency of industrial processes and solve the heat transfer problem in extreme conditions such as electronic, aerospace and military fields, etc. This study focuses on the heat transfer mechanism of liquid film evaporation on a solid surface, of which model will be established on the surface wetting behavior. At first, the mechanism of the heated liquid film shrinkage on a solid surface will be studied. Then surface sharp angle effect will be proved and applied to strengthen the surface wettability with the liquid evaporation. Based on dynamic balance, singularity mutation theory of liquid distribution on the solid surface caused by the surface sharp angle will be established, which will be applied to control the macroscopical contact angle (with respect to the substrate surface) and inhibit the heated liquid film shrink. Finally, experiments will be conducted to verify the heat transfer enhancement on the sharp-angle surface evaporation, and the heat transfer correlations related to the surface structure will be established.