基于纳米笼DNA探针的急性心肌梗死相关外泌体微小RNA的快速成像分析

外泌体微小RNA是急性心肌梗死（AMI）诊断的前瞻性标志物，具有高度的临床应用价值。然而，当前的检测手段所需时间太长，难以满足AMI诊断对时效性的需求，这成为外泌体微小RNA临床应用的瓶颈问题。针对这一问题，本项目拟发展外泌体微小RNA快速成像分析的新方法。项目将从逐层递进的四个方面开展：1）研究和发展具有“纳米笼”结构的DNA荧光探针；2）研究通过膜融合等方式将其运输进外泌体中；3）研究基于纳米笼DNA探针的外泌体微小RNA的成像分析；4）新型成像分析方法在AMI临床诊断中的应用探索。相比传统的“分离外泌体-提取微小RNA-PCR检测”的策略，本项目拟发展的“分离外泌体-运输探针-成像分析”的新方法有望将原先需要约4个小时的检测时间压缩到1个小时，从而满足AMI快速诊断的需求。本项目的开展对于外泌体微小RNA的研究具有重要意义，将有力的推动其在AMI临床诊断中的应用。

Exosomal microRNAs are prospective biomarkers for the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and has high clinical application value. However, the current detection methods take too long to meet the timeliness of AMI diagnosis, which has become a bottleneck for clinical application of exosomal microRNAs. In response to this problem, this project intends to develop a novel method for rapid imaging analysis of exosomal microRNAs. The project will be carried out in four layers, one by one: 1) research and development of fluorescent DNA probes with a "nanocage" structure; 2) research on transporting them into exosomes by means of membrane fusion and etc.; 3) research on imaging analysis of exosomal microRNAs based on the nanocage DNA probes; 4) preliminary application of the novel imaging analysis method in the diagnosis of AMI. Compared with the traditional strategy of “isolating exosomes-extracting microRNA-PCR”, the novel method of “isolating exosomes-transporting DNA probes-imaging analysis” to be developed in this project is expected to reduce the detection time that previously required about 4 hours to 1 hour, thereby meeting the needs of rapid diagnosis of AMI. The development of this project is of significance for the study of exosomal microRNAs and will promote its application in the clinical diagnosis of AMI.