基于多孔碳薄膜的蒸发诱导水流动发电及机理研究

近年来，有关通过收集环境能源来驱动低功耗器件、构筑“自驱动系统”的研究引起了人们极大的兴趣。本项目提出开展基于多孔碳薄膜的蒸发诱导水流动发电及其机理研究。首先，开展多孔碳薄膜的可控合成与表面性能调控研究，获得孔隙分布、厚度、结晶度、电导以及表面化学性质可控且结构稳定的多孔碳薄膜；其次，研究多孔碳薄膜孔径分布、表面性质、溶液种类以及外部环境条件等多种因素对发电性能的影响规律；然后，进行理论和实验分析，揭示多孔碳薄膜内部固液界面两侧的载流子传输规律，澄清电压、电流的产生机制；最后，在科学认识的基础上，对材料结构、表面性质进行优化，研制出输出功率大于5.0 μW/cm2、寿命超过1000小时的器件。本项研究具有原始创新，研究结果将对流体-低维碳纳米结构能量转化研究具有推动作用，具有重要的科学意义和应用前景。

Harvesting environmental energies to power small electronics for self-powered systems has drawn a great number of research interests in recent years. This project proposes a novel energy conversion approach based on the evaporation driven water flow in porous carbon film and investigate the underlying mechanism. The expected research contents are as listed below: i) Controllable synthesis and surface modification of the porous carbon film, in order to obtain carbon film with controllable pore size distribution, thickness, crystallinity, conductivity, surface property and high stability; ii) Effect of pore size, surface property, liquids and environment conditions on the generated electricity; iii) Potential/current generation mechanism analysis, based on the theoretical and experimental research on the carrier transport and conversion phenomenon in the solid/liquid interface; iv) structure and surface property optimization based on the scientific understanding, aiming to fabricate evaporation device with output power over 5.0 μW/cm2 and life time over 1000 h. Generally, this project is an original innovation, with important influence on the research of liquid/carbon based energy conversion both academically and industrially.