煤矿综掘面含抑尘抑爆剂气液双动力射流细水雾抑爆与降尘机制

煤矿综掘工作面是井下主要产尘源之一，具有爆炸性的高浓粉尘在井下受限作业空间内危害巨大。通过开发矿用煤尘表面活性抑尘剂与抑爆剂复合添加剂，探索综掘面抑尘抑爆剂与细水雾抑爆降尘机制。从矿用煤尘表面活性抑尘抑爆复合添加剂特性、含抑尘抑爆剂气液双动力射流细水雾抑制煤尘爆炸特性、综掘面含抑尘抑爆剂气液双动力射流细水雾降尘机制方面开展研究，解决抑尘抑爆剂与细水雾耦合作用下煤尘爆炸火焰微观结构变化规律、细水雾雾滴与粉尘颗粒细观作用机制关键科学问题。明确表面活性抑尘抑爆剂物理化学性质与润湿特性，获得表面活性抑尘抑爆剂与细水雾耦合抑制煤尘爆炸机制，阐明不同风速条件下含抑尘抑爆剂气液双动力射流细水雾与煤尘作用规律，优化出适合特定煤矿煤尘的抑尘抑爆剂最佳配方及浓度范围，揭示特定煤矿综掘工作面含抑尘抑爆剂气液双动力射流细水雾抑爆与降尘机制，为煤矿粉尘职业危害和爆炸灾害防控研究提供指导。

A fully mechanized heading face is a main source of dust production underground coal mining, and the high-concentration explosive dust is extremely harmful in underground workings. Through development of compound additives of dust suppressants and dust explosion inhibitors through enhancing coal dust surface activity, this study focuses on understanding the mechanisms of dust explosion inhibition and dust suppression through water mist mixed with the compound additives in the heading face. The study will investigate on the characteristics of the composite additives, the characteristics of coal dust explosion inhibition through gas and liquid powered jet water mist mixed with the compound additives, the mechanism of coal dust suppression through the jet water mist with the composite additives, the flame microstructure change of coal dust explosion under a coupled action of water mist and the compound additives, and the mesoscopic interaction between water mist droplets and coal dust particles. Furthermore, the physical and chemical properties and wetting characteristics of the dust suppressants and dust explosion inhibitors are determined, while the coupled mechanisms of the compound additives and water mist for suppressing coal dust explosion are understood. The principle of the interaction between coal dust and gas and liquid powered jet water mist containing the compound additives under different ventilation air velocities is explained, and the best formula and concentration range of the compound additives suitable for a coal mine is optimized. Finally, the mechanisms of the gas and liquid powered jet water mist containing the compound additives for explosion inhibition and dust suppression are revealed. The results of this study could provide guidance for prevention and control of occupational hazards and explosion disasters of coal mine dust.