蒙古高原湖泊沉积物氮循环与内源硫、铁行为耦合作用研究

沉积物是富营养化水体中氮污染物的总汇和次生来源，内源硫、铁的环境行为对底泥氮元素的有效控释产生不容忽视的影响。本课题以蒙古高原典型富营养化湖泊—乌梁素海为研究对象，结合空间异质性分析，通过现场检测与室内模拟实验分析，研究富营养化湖泊泥水界面氮与内源硫、铁的环境行为；结合分子生物学手段，研究硫、铁与氮转化主要功能菌群的生态分布特征，以及在沉积物氮转化过程中的作用和种间生态关系，揭示沉积物内源硫、铁介入厌氧氨氧化过程的微生物机制，初步阐明富营养化湖泊泥水界面氮循环与内源硫、铁环境行为的耦合作用机理。研究成果可完善蒙古高原富营养化湖泊水体氮循环机制的内容，丰富人们对湖泊富营养化形成机理的认识，为富营养化湖泊治理奠定理论基础。

Sediment is the aggregate and secondary source of nitrogen pollutants in eutrophic waterbody. The environmental behavior of endogenous sulfur and iron has an important influence on the effective controlled release of nitrogen in sediment.The most typical eutrophic lake, Wuliangsuhai, was referred as a case study combined with landscape spatial heterogeneity focusing on the behavior of endogenous sulfur, iron and nitrogen at the sediment-water interface. By modern molecular techniques, the ecological distribution of the main functional microorganisms for the transformation of sulfur, iron and nitrogen and their interspecific relationships will be studied. The microbial mechanism of the intervention of endogenous sulfur and iron in the anaerobic ammonia oxidation process of sediments will be revealed. Research can improve the understanding of nitrogen cycle mechanism and provide basal data on the distribution, diversity and functions of sulphur and iron cycle bacteria from Mongolian plateau eutrophic lakes, and also provide the scientific basis to explore solutions to environmental issues by the eutrophication of lakes in Northern China.