顾及散射机理的极化SAR滑坡形变监测方法研究

研究滑坡形变信息提取对滑坡灾害预警等具有重要的意义。对于植被覆盖区域滑坡体，由于植被生长、季节更替引起的结构变化等，使得传统单极化D-InSAR技术出现严重失相干以及相位中心不明确等问题，从而影响形变估算精度。全极化SAR技术能获取不同极化方式的数据，能更全面描述地物的几何物理特性，为研究复杂环境下的滑坡形变监测提供更加丰富的信息。针对上述问题，本项目将研究全极化SAR滑坡形变信息提取的理论与方法。研究基于散射机理的极化差分干涉滑坡形变提取方法，以提高微小滑移量滑坡形变估算精度；研究极化SAR偏移量跟踪方法，以提高较大滑移量的滑坡形变估算精度；研究结合极化信息及时序特性的小基线集极化SAR滑坡体运动参数提取方法，以提高滑坡运动参数反演精度；同时结合气象及地质条件分析滑坡体运动规律，为滑坡灾害预警等提供可靠的信息。本项目对于提高滑坡形变监测精度及滑坡灾害预警具有重要的科学意义及现实意义。

The study of landslide deformation monitoring is important for early warning of landslide hazard. For vegetation covered landslide area, the variations caused by vegetation growth and seasonal shifts leads to the problems of decorrelation and phase center ambiguity for the traditional D-InSAR technique. These problems will affect the deformation estimation accuracy. Full polarimetric SAR can acquire data with different polarizations, which comprehensively describes geometric and physical characteristics of targets. It provides more abundant information for landslide deformation monitoring under complex environment. For addressing above problems, the project will study the basic theories and methods of landslide deformation information extraction with full polarimetric SAR data. Firstly, we will study polarimetric Differential Interfereometric SAR method for improving deformation estimation accuracy of landslide with small slippage. Secondly, we will study polarimetric offset tracking method for improving deformation estimation accuracy of landslide with larger slippage. Thirdly, a small baseline sets polarimetric SAR method is proposed for improving extraction accuracy of landslide moving parameters. Finally, we will use the weather and geological information to analyze the motion law of the landslide and provide reliable information for early warning of landslide hazard. The study has great scientific and realistic significance for improving the landslide monitoring accuracy and landslide hazard early warning.