Subthreshold Oscillating Waves in Neural Tissue Propagate by Volume Conduction and Generate Interference.
Subthreshold Oscillating Waves in Neural Tissue Propagate by Volume Conduction and Generate Interference.
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DOI：
10.3390/brainsci13010074
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发表时间：
2022-12-30
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Durand, Dominique M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chiang, Chia-Chu;Durand, Dominique M.
阈下神经振荡已经在大脑的几个区域被观察到，并且可以影响神经尖峰的时间。然而，这些自发振荡的空间范围和功能仍不清楚。为了研究这些振荡的机制，我们使用光遗传刺激在表达optopatch蛋白的海马纵向切片中产生振荡波。我们发现光遗传刺激可以产生两种类型的神经活动：阈上神经尖峰和阈下振荡波。两种波都可以以相似的速度双向传播，并穿过组织的横截面。传播速度与振荡频率无关，但随着波幅值的增加而增加。振荡波产生的内源电场沿树突方向约为0.6 mV/mm，沿细胞层方向约为0.3 mV/mm。我们还观察到这些振荡波可以相互干扰。在每个切片端同时施加光刺激会在组织中间产生较大的波（相长干涉）或与相反相位的激光信号相消干涉。然而，当它们碰撞时，阈上神经尖峰被湮灭了。最后，这些波不受NMDA阻滞剂（APV）的影响，在河豚毒素（TTX）存在的情况下仍然传播，但振幅明显降低。这些阈下波在神经功能中的作用尚不清楚，但结果表明，在低振幅下，阈下传播波缺乏不应期，允许通过独立于突触传递的干扰对神经活动进行新的模拟预处理。
Subthreshold neural oscillations have been observed in several brain regions and can influence the timing of neural spikes. However, the spatial extent and function of these spontaneous oscillations remain unclear. To study the mechanisms underlying these oscillations, we use optogenetic stimulation to generate oscillating waves in the longitudinal hippocampal slice expressing optopatch proteins. We found that optogenetic stimulation can generate two types of neural activity: suprathreshold neural spikes and subthreshold oscillating waves. Both waves could propagate bidirectionally at similar speeds and go through a transection of the tissue. The propagating speed is independent of the oscillating frequency but increases with increasing amplitudes of the waves. The endogenous electric fields generated by oscillating waves are about 0.6 mV/mm along the dendrites and about 0.3 mV/mm along the cell layer. We also observed that these oscillating waves could interfere with each other. Optical stimulation applied simultaneously at each slice end generated a larger wave in the middle of the tissue (constructive interference) or destructive interference with laser signals in opposite phase. However, the suprathreshold neural spikes were annihilated when they collided. Finally, the waves were not affected by the NMDA blocker (APV) and still propagated in the presence of tetrodotoxin (TTX) but at a significantly lower amplitude. The role of these subthreshold waves in neural function is unknown, but the results show that at low amplitude, the subthreshold propagating waves lack a refractory period allowing a novel analog form of preprocessing of neural activity by interference independent of synaptic transmission.
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