New advances in NMDA receptor pharmacology.

New advances in NMDA receptor pharmacology.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.tips.2011.08.003
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发表时间:
2011-12
影响因子:
13.8
通讯作者:
Traynelis SF
Traynelis SF
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ogden KK;Traynelis SF

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N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸(NMDA)受体是四聚体离子通道,含有四种可能的GluN 2亚基中的两种。几十年来,这些受体与神经系统疾病如中风、创伤性脑损伤、痴呆和精神分裂症有关。GluN 2亚基对NMDA受体的功能多样性有很大贡献,并且在发育和脑区域中明显表达。因此,亚基选择性拮抗剂和调节剂,差异目标的GluN 2亚基可能提供了一个机会,间接修改功能的选择组的神经元治疗增益。一系列的临床、功能和化学研究共同重振了确定NMDA受体功能的亚基选择性调节剂的努力,产生了一些似乎在新位点起作用的新化合物。在这里,我们回顾了新出现的亚基选择性NMDA受体调节剂的性质,我们预测这将标志着NMDA受体药理学的一个富有成效的进展时期的开始。
N-Methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors are tetrameric ion channels containing two of four possible GluN2 subunits. These receptors have been implicated for decades in neurological diseases such as stroke, traumatic brain injury, dementia, and schizophrenia. The GluN2 subunits contribute substantially to functional diversity of NMDA receptors and are distinctly expressed in development and among brain regions. Thus, subunit-selective antagonists and modulators that differentially target the GluN2 subunit might provide an opportunity to pharmacologically modify the function of select groups of neurons for therapeutic gain. A flurry of clinical, functional, and chemical studies have together reinvigorated efforts to identify subunit-selective modulators of NMDA receptor function, resulting in a handful of new compounds that appear to act at novel sites. Here we review the properties of new emerging classes of subunit-selective NMDA receptor modulators, which we predict will mark the beginning of a productive period of progress for NMDA receptor pharmacology.
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