Recent advances of deep learning in psychiatric disorders.

Recent advances of deep learning in psychiatric disorders.
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DOI:
10.1093/pcmedi/pbaa029
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发表时间:
2020-09
影响因子:
5.3
通讯作者:
Sun H
Sun H
中科院分区:
医学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Chen L;Xia C;Sun H

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深度学习是最近提出的机器学习方法的一个子集,已经在学术界得到了广泛的关注,打破了视觉识别和自然语言处理等领域的基准记录。与传统的机器学习算法不同,该算法能够通过分层非线性变换直接从原始数据中学习有用的表示和特征。由于其检测抽象和复杂模式的能力,DL已被用于以细微和弥漫变化为特征的精神障碍的神经成像研究。在这里,我们提供了一个简短的回顾最近的进展和相关的挑战,在神经影像研究中的精神障碍的应用。这些研究结果表明,DL可能是一种辅助诊断精神疾病的有力工具。最后,我们阐明了DL在精神障碍中应用的主要前景和挑战,以及未来研究的可能方向。
Deep learning (DL) is a recently proposed subset of machine learning methods that has gained extensive attention in the academic world, breaking benchmark records in areas such as visual recognition and natural language processing. Different from conventional machine learning algorithm, DL is able to learn useful representations and features directly from raw data through hierarchical nonlinear transformations. Because of its ability to detect abstract and complex patterns, DL has been used in neuroimaging studies of psychiatric disorders, which are characterized by subtle and diffuse alterations. Here, we provide a brief review of recent advances and associated challenges in neuroimaging studies of DL applied to psychiatric disorders. The results of these studies indicate that DL could be a powerful tool in assisting the diagnosis of psychiatric diseases. We conclude our review by clarifying the main promises and challenges of DL application in psychiatric disorders, and possible directions for future research.
神经影像学中脑部疾病的单受试者预测:前景和陷阱
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