Size matters! On the way to ionic liquid systems without ion pairing.

Size matters! On the way to ionic liquid systems without ion pairing.
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大小事项!

DOI:
10.1002/chem.201400168
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发表时间:
2014
期刊:
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Ingo Krossing
Ingo Krossing
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Alexander Rupp;Nataliya Roznyatovskaya;Harald Scherer;Witali Beichel;Petra Klose;Carola Sturm;Anke Hoffmann;Jens Tübke;Thorsten Koslowski;Ingo Krossing

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Several, partly new, ionic liquids (ILs) containing imidazolium and ammonium cations as well as the medium‐sized [NTf2]−(0.230 nm3; Tf=CF3SO3−) and the large [Al(hfip)4]−(0.581 nm3; hfip=OC(H)(CF3)2) anions were synthesized and characterized. Their temperature‐dependent viscosities and conductivities between 25 and 80 °C showed typical Vogel–Fulcher–Tammann (VFT) behavior. Ion‐specific self‐diffusion constants were measured at room temperature by pulsed‐gradient stimulated‐echo (PGSTE) NMR experiments. In general, self‐diffusion constants of both cations and anions in [Al(hfip)4]−‐based ILs were higher than in [NTf2]−‐based ILs. Ionicities were calculated from self‐diffusion constants and measured bulk conductivities, and showed that [Al(hfip)4]−‐based ILs yield higher ionicities than their [NTf2]−analogues, the former of which reach values of virtually 100 % in some cases.From these observations it was concluded that [Al(hfip)4]−‐based ILs come close to systems without any interactions, and this hypothesis is underlined with a Hirshfeld analysis. Additionally, a robust, modified Marcus theory quantitatively accounted for the differences between the two anions and yielded a minimum of the activation energy for ion movement at an anion diameter of slightly greater than 1 nm, which fits almost perfectly the size of [Al(hfip)4]−. Shallow Coulomb potential wells are responsible for the high mobility of ILs with such anions.
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