Synthetic benchmarking of concentrated pyroclastic current models

Synthetic benchmarking of concentrated pyroclastic current models
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集中火山碎屑流模型的综合基准测试

DOI:
10.1007/s00445-021-01491-y
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
3.5
通讯作者:
Kelfoun, K.
Kelfoun, K.
中科院分区:
地球科学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Gueugneau, V.;Charbonnier, S.;Esposti Ongaro, T.;de’ Michieli Vitturi, M;Peruzzetto, M.;Mangeney, A.;Bouchut, F.;Patra, A.;Kelfoun, K.

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需要对火山碎屑流 (PC) 模型进行验证和基准测试,以评估其性能及其危险评估的可靠性。在这里,我们展示了一项基准测试计划的结果,该计划旨在评估常用于评估集中 PC 危害的四种模型:SHALTOP、TITAN2D、VolcFlow 和 IMEX_SfloW2D。该基准侧重于模拟五种不同合成河道几何形状中具有相似源条件的渠道化流:(1) 平坦的斜面,(2) 具有 45° 急弯的河道,(3) 具有坡度的直河道,(4) 具有障碍物的直河道,以及 (5) 具有收缩的直河道。研究了使用三种不同初始体积通量的 60 次模拟的多个输出,以评估四个模型在模拟山谷限制 PC 运动学(包括地形变化引起的溢出)时的性能。对 att= 100 s 模型输出之间获得的差异进行量化,使我们能够识别 (1) TITAN2D 的 Voellmy-Salm 实现的问题和 (2) 其他三个代码之间的小差异,这些差异要么是由于不同的曲率和速度公式和/或数值框架造成的。基准测试结果也与天然 PC 的现场观察结果一致:通道几何形状的突然变化与高流量通量相结合是产生溢出的关键。事实证明,综合基准对于评估 PC 危害评估所需的模型性能非常有用。总体目标是为地球科学界提供火山物质流危害评估研究的解释框架。
Validation and benchmarking of pyroclastic current (PC) models is required to evaluate their performance and their reliability for hazard assessment. Here, we present results of a benchmarking initiative built to evaluate four models commonly used to assess concentrated PC hazard: SHALTOP, TITAN2D, VolcFlow, and IMEX_SfloW2D. The benchmark focuses on the simulation of channelized flows with similar source conditions over five different synthetic channel geometries: (1) a flat incline plane, (2) a channel with a sharp 45° bend, (3) a straight channel with a break-in-slope, (4) a straight channel with an obstacle, and (5) a straight channel with a constriction. Several outputs from 60 simulations using three different initial volume fluxes were investigated to evaluate the performance of the four models when simulating valley-confined PC kinematics, including overflows induced by topographic changes. Quantification of the differences obtained between model outputs att= 100 s allowed us to identify (1) issues with the Voellmy-Salm implementation of TITAN2D and (2) small discrepancies between the three other codes that are either due to various curvature and velocity formulations and/or numerical frameworks. Benchmark results were also in agreement with field observations of natural PCs: a sudden change in channel geometries combined with a high-volume flux is key to generate overflows. The synthetic benchmarks proved to be useful for evaluating model performance, needed for PC hazard assessment. The overarching goal is to provide an interpretation framework for volcanic mass flow hazard assessment studies to the geoscience community.
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