Can You Trust Who You See? The Evolution of Socially Cued Anticipatory Plasticity

Can You Trust Who You See? The Evolution of Socially Cued Anticipatory Plasticity
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你能相信你看到的人吗?

DOI:
10.1086/712919
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发表时间:
2021
期刊:
The American Naturalist
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
M’Gonigle, Leithen K.
M’Gonigle, Leithen K.
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lange, Elizabeth C.;Travis, Joseph;Hughes, Kimberly A.;M’Gonigle, Leithen K.

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社会环境会影响发育和健康。然而,我们不知道选择如何作用于个体,从而利用社会环境的特征来提示发展路径。社会线索预期可塑性(SCAP)是一种假设策略,青少年利用社会线索来改变发育,使其成年表型与他们期望遇到的社会环境相匹配。虽然直观上很有吸引力,但这种可塑性的演变是一个谜,因为当个人使用它时,提示会发生变化。当这种反馈发生时,社会暗示的可塑性会进化吗?我们使用基于个体的模拟来模拟在有利于两种离散表型之间波动的环境中 SCAP 的进化。我们发现,社会暗示的可塑性会进化,但只有当强烈的选择作用于生存而不是成年表型之间的繁殖力差异时。在这种情况下,社会线索可靠地预测了哪种表型在成熟时会受到青睐。令人惊讶的是,可塑性的成本增加了其适应性的条件范围。在没有成本的情况下,进化导致SCAP个体无法有效应对环境变化。可塑性成本降低了使用 SCAP 的人口比例,这反过来又提高了社会线索的可靠性,并使使用社会线索可塑性的个体能够更一致地在偏好的表型之间切换。我们的结果表明,响应社会线索的适应性可塑性的进化可能代表了一类更大的问题,在这些问题中,由于关键过程之间的反馈,进化很难预测。
The social environment can affect development and fitness. However, we do not know how selection acts on individuals that cue developmental pathways using features of the social environment. Socially cued anticipatory plasticity (SCAP) is a hypothetical strategy whereby juveniles use social cues to alter development to match their adult phenotype to the social environment that they expect to encounter. While intuitively appealing, the evolution of such plasticity is a puzzle, because the cue changes when individuals use it. Can socially cued plasticity evolve when such a feedback occurs? We use individual-based simulations to model evolution of SCAP in an environment that fluctuates between favoring each of two discrete phenotypes. We found that socially cued plasticity evolved, but only when strong selection acted on survival rather than on fecundity differences between adult phenotypes. In this case, the social cue reliably predicted which phenotype would be favored on maturation. Surprisingly, costs to plasticity increased the range of conditions under which it was adaptive. In the absence of costs, evolution led to a state where SCAP individuals could not effectively respond to environmental changes. Costs to plasticity lowered the proportion of the population that used SCAP, which in turn increased the reliability of the social cue and allowed individuals that used socially cued plasticity to switch between the favored phenotypes more consistently. Our results suggest that the evolution of adaptive plasticity in response to social cues may represent a larger class of problems in which evolution is hard to predict because of feedbacks among critical processes.
成年雄性和雌性小鼠的存在对幼鼠生长和发育的不同影响。
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