Sex differences and the endocannabinoid system in pain.
Sex differences and the endocannabinoid system in pain.
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疼痛中的性别差异和内源性大麻素系统。
DOI：
10.1016/j.pbb.2021.173107
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发表时间：
2021-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Guindon J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Blanton HL;Barnes RC;McHann MC;Bilbrey JA;Wilkerson JL;Guindon J
大麻的使用近年来一直在增加，特别是在妇女中，大麻用于医疗目的的最常见用途之一是缓解疼痛。疼痛状况和对镇痛剂的反应已被证明受性别的影响，并且有证据表明大麻素介导的镇痛也是如此。在这篇综述中，我们评估了支持大麻素药理学性别差异的临床前证据，以及来自人类研究的临床和观察证据。许多动物研究报告了对天然和合成大麻素的抗伤害性反应的性别差异，这可能与内源性大麻素系统组分的表达和功能的性别差异有关。雌性啮齿动物通常对Δ9-THC的作用更敏感。这一发现可能是药代动力学和药效学因素的函数，包括代谢差异、大麻素受体表达差异以及卵巢激素（包括雌二醇和孕酮）的影响。支持性激素和内源性大麻素系统之间直接相互作用的临床前证据可能会转化为男性和女性对大麻和大麻素使用的性别差异。进一步研究性在内源性大麻素系统功能中的作用至关重要，因为我们对内源性大麻素系统在各种疾病状态（包括慢性疼痛）中的影响有了更深入的了解。
Cannabis use has been increasing in recent years, particularly among women, and one of the most common uses of cannabis for medical purposes is pain relief. Pain conditions and response to analgesics have been demonstrated to be influenced by sex, and evidence is emerging that this is also true with cannabinoid-mediated analgesia. In this review we evaluate the preclinical evidence supporting sex differences in cannabinoid pharmacology, as well as emerging evidence from human studies, both clinical and observational. Numerous animal studies have reported sex differences in the antinociceptive response to natural and synthetic cannabinoids that may correlate to sex differences in expression, and function, of endocannabinoid system components. Female rodents have generally been found to be more sensitive to the effects of Δ9-THC. This finding is likely a function of both pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics factors including differences in metabolism, differences in cannabinoid receptor expression, and influence of ovarian hormones including estradiol and progesterone. Preclinical evidence supporting direct interactions between sex hormones and the endocannabinoid system may translate to sex differences in response to cannabis and cannabinoid use in men and women. Further research into the role of sex in endocannabinoid system function is critical as we gain a deeper understanding of the impact of the endocannabinoid system in various disease states, including chronic pain.
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影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Cooper, Ziva D.;Haney, Margaret
通讯作者：
Haney, Margaret
影响因子：
1.6
作者：
Craft RM;Greene NZ;Wakley AA
通讯作者：
Wakley AA
影响因子：
7.4
作者：
De Gregorio D;McLaughlin RJ;Posa L;Ochoa-Sanchez R;Enns J;Lopez-Canul M;Aboud M;Maione S;Comai S;Gobbi G
通讯作者：
Gobbi G
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Calignano, A;La Rana, G;Piomelli, D
通讯作者：
Piomelli, D
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Britch, Stevie C.;Wiley, Jenny L.;Craft, Rebecca M.
通讯作者：
Craft, Rebecca M.