Sucralose, a synthetic organochlorine sweetener: overview of biological issues.
Sucralose, a synthetic organochlorine sweetener: overview of biological issues.
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DOI：
10.1080/10937404.2013.842523
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Rother KI
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schiffman SS;Rother KI
三氯蔗糖是一种合成的有机氯甜味剂（OC），是世界食品供应中的常见成分。三氯蔗糖与消化道中的化学传感器相互作用，在甜味感觉和激素分泌中发挥作用。在大鼠中，摄入三氯蔗糖可增加肠道外排转运蛋白P-糖蛋白（P-gp）和两种细胞色素P-450（CYP）同工酶的表达。P-gp和P-gp是参与首过药物代谢的系统前解毒系统的关键组分。然而，三氯蔗糖对人类首过药物代谢的影响尚未确定。在大鼠中，三氯蔗糖改变了胃肠道（GIT）中的微生物组成，有益细菌的减少相对较大。尽管早期研究断言三氯蔗糖通过GIT时未发生变化，但随后的分析表明，一些摄入的甜味剂在GIT中代谢，如口服三氯蔗糖后甲醇粪便提取物的薄层放射色谱图中发现的多个峰所示。目前尚不清楚这些推定的三氯蔗糖代谢产物的鉴别和安全性特征。在几种试验方法中发现三氯蔗糖及其水解产物在高浓度下具有致突变性。据报道，在高温下用三氯蔗糖烹饪会产生氯丙醇，这是一种潜在有毒的化合物。人类和啮齿动物研究均表明，三氯蔗糖可改变葡萄糖、胰岛素和胰高血糖素样肽1（GLP-1）水平。总之，这些发现表明三氯蔗糖不是生物惰性化合物。
Sucralose is a synthetic organochlorine sweetener (OC) that is a common ingredient in the world's food supply. Sucralose interacts with chemosensors in the alimentary tract that play a role in sweet taste sensation and hormone secretion. In rats, sucralose ingestion was shown to increase the expression of the efflux transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and two cytochrome P-450 (CYP) isozymes in the intestine. P-gp and CYP are key components of the presystemic detoxification system involved in first-pass drug metabolism. The effect of sucralose on first-pass drug metabolism in humans, however, has not yet been determined. In rats, sucralose alters the microbial composition in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), with relatively greater reduction in beneficial bacteria. Although early studies asserted that sucralose passes through the GIT unchanged, subsequent analysis suggested that some of the ingested sweetener is metabolized in the GIT, as indicated by multiple peaks found in thin-layer radiochromatographic profiles of methanolic fecal extracts after oral sucralose administration. The identity and safety profile of these putative sucralose metabolites are not known at this time. Sucralose and one of its hydrolysis products were found to be mutagenic at elevated concentrations in several testing methods. Cooking with sucralose at high temperatures was reported to generate chloropropanols, a potentially toxic class of compounds. Both human and rodent studies demonstrated that sucralose may alter glucose, insulin, and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) levels. Taken together, these findings indicate that sucralose is not a biologically inert compound.
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影响因子：
1.8
作者：
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