Prevalence and causes of visual impairment and rate of wearing spectacles in schools for children of migrant workers in Shanghai, China.
Prevalence and causes of visual impairment and rate of wearing spectacles in schools for children of migrant workers in Shanghai, China.
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DOI：
10.1186/1471-2458-14-1312
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发表时间：
2014-12-22
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Zhu J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
He J;Lu L;Zou H;He X;Li Q;Wang W;Zhu J
评估上海市外来务工人员子女学校视力障碍的患病率和戴眼镜率。随机抽取农民工子女学校1至5年级的儿童进行眼部检查。对所有儿童进行裸眼视力和现用视力筛查。筛选后，裸眼视力为20/40或更低的儿童接受眼球运动评估、睫状肌麻痹验光/非睫状肌麻痹验光以及外眼、眼前节、中膜和眼底检查。共调查9673名儿童，9512名（98.34%）参加了这项研究。较好眼的裸眼视力、就诊视力和最佳矫正视力20/40或更差的患病率分别为13.33%、11.26%和0.63%。单眼或双眼视力障碍儿童的配镜率为15.50%。其中，26.05%的人佩戴处方不准确的眼镜。屈光不正是视力损害的主要原因，占视力损害原因的89.48%。其他原因包括弱视10.12%，先天性白内障0.1%，先天性眼球震颤0.1%，人工眼0.1%，黄斑变性0.05%，角膜混浊0.05%。这是首次对上海市外来务工人员子女学校视力障碍的患病率和原因进行的研究。2012年上海市郊区农民工子女学校视力矫正前最佳眼视力损害率低于广州市城区主流学校，高于1998年北京农村和2007年重庆市郊区农民工子女学校。屈光不正是造成农民工子女视力损害的主要原因。配镜率低，配镜者处方不准确率高。未矫正的屈光不正是流动儿童视力损害的重要原因。
To assess the prevalence of visual impairment and rate of wearing spectacles in schools for children of migrant workers in Shanghai, China. Children from grade 1 to 5 in schools for children of migrant workers were randomly chosen for ocular examinations. All children were screened for uncorrected visual acuity and presenting visual acuity. After screening, the children whose uncorrected visual acuity was 20/40 or less received ocular motility evaluation, cycloplegic refraction/non-cycloplegic refraction, and external eye, anterior segment, media, and fundus examinations. A total of 9673 children were enumerated and 9512 (98.34%) participated in this study. The prevalence of uncorrected, presenting, and best-corrected visual acuity of 20/40 or worse in the better eye were 13.33%, 11.26%, and 0.63%, respectively. The rate of wearing spectacles of the children with visual impairment in one or both eyes was 15.50%. Of these, 26.05% were wearing spectacles with inaccurate prescriptions. Refractive error was a major cause of visual impairment, accounting for 89.48% of all the visual impairment causes. Other causes of visual impairment included amblyopia accounting for 10.12%; congenital cataract, 0.1%; congenital nystagmus, 0.1%; ocular prosthesis, 0.1%; macular degeneration, 0.05%; and opaque cornea, 0.05%. This is the first study of the prevalence and causes of visual impairment in schools for children of migrant workers in Shanghai, China. The visual impairment rate in schools for children of migrant workers in suburbs of Shanghai in the best eye before vision correction was lower than those of urban children in mainstream schools in Guangzhou in 2012, and higher than students in rural of Beijing in 1998 and in suburb of Chongqing in 2007. The refractive error was the principal cause of the visual impairment of the children of migrant workers. The rate of wearing spectacles was low and the percentage of inaccurate prescriptions, among those who wore spectacles, was high. Uncorrected refractive error was a significant cause of visual impairment in migrant children.
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作者：
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