Not so sweet and simple: impacts of SARS-CoV-2 on the β cell.
Not so sweet and simple: impacts of SARS-CoV-2 on the β cell.
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DOI：
10.1080/19382014.2021.1909970
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发表时间：
2021-07-04
期刊：
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Sims EK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ibrahim S;Monaco GSF;Sims EK
自COVID-19大流行开始以来，已有多项研究探讨了COVID-19感染与糖尿病之间的联系，其中包括合并糖尿病与病毒感染患者预后较差之间的关系，以及COVID-19感染发生糖尿病酮症酸中毒的报告。因此，围绕病毒可能对胰腺辟田胞发挥作用的机制产生了重大兴趣。在这篇综述中，我们考虑了SARS-CoV-2可能影响β细胞的可能途径。具体而言，我们概述了支持或反对SARS-CoV-2直接感染和损伤β细胞的观点的数据。我们还讨论了由于“旁观者”效应引起的β细胞损伤，其中病毒感染导致对β细胞存活和功能至关重要的周围组织的损伤，例如胰腺微血管和外分泌组织。还对阐明COVID-19感染后细胞因子风暴的激发以及全身性炎症和胰岛素抵抗增加对β细胞的潜在影响的研究进行了综述。最后，我们总结了自COVID-19大流行开始以来有关糖尿病发病率的现有临床数据。
The link between COVID-19 infection and diabetes has been explored in several studies since the start of the pandemic, with associations between comorbid diabetes and poorer prognosis in patients infected with the virus and reports of diabetic ketoacidosis occurring with COVID-19 infection. As such, significant interest has been generated surrounding mechanisms by which the virus may exert effects on the pancreatic β cells. In this review, we consider possible routes by which SARS-CoV-2 may impact β cells. Specifically, we outline data that either support or argue against the idea of direct infection and injury of β cells by SARS-CoV-2. We also discuss β cell damage due to a “bystander” effect in which infection with the virus leads to damage to surrounding tissues that are essential for β cell survival and function, such as the pancreatic microvasculature and exocrine tissue. Studies elucidating the provocation of a cytokine storm following COVID-19 infection and potential impacts of systemic inflammation and increases in insulin resistance on β cells are also reviewed. Finally, we summarize the existing clinical data surrounding diabetes incidence since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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