Predictable evolution towards larger brains in birds colonizing oceanic islands.

Predictable evolution towards larger brains in birds colonizing oceanic islands.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41467-018-05280-8
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发表时间:
2018-07-31
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Sol D
Sol D
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Sayol F;Downing PA;Iwaniuk AN;Maspons J;Sol D

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Theory and evidence suggest that some selective pressures are more common on islands than in adjacent mainland habitats, leading evolution to follow predictable trends. The existence of predictable evolutionary trends has nonetheless been difficult to demonstrate, mainly because of the challenge of separating in situ evolution from sorting processes derived from colonization events. Here we use brain size measurements of >1900 avian species to reveal the existence of one such trend: increased brain size in island dwellers. Based on sister-taxa comparisons and phylogenetic ancestral trait estimations, we show that species living on islands have relatively larger brains than their mainland relatives and that these differences mainly reflect in situ evolution rather than varying colonization success. Our findings reinforce the view that in some instances evolution may be predictable, and yield insight into why some animals evolve larger brains despite substantial energetic and developmental costs. Islands may impose a distinct set of selective pressures, leading to the repeated evolution of certain traits. Here, Sayol et al. compare brain sizes of more than 1900 bird species in a phylogenetic context, finding a consistent trend for in situ evolution of increased brain size in island birds.
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