Traits, phylogeny and host cell receptors predict Ebolavirus host status among African mammals.
Traits, phylogeny and host cell receptors predict Ebolavirus host status among African mammals.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pntd.0010993
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发表时间：
2022-12
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
我们探索动物宿主特征、系统发育同一性和细胞受体序列与埃博拉病毒感染状态和死亡率的关系。我们根据 PCR 和抗体测试收集了详尽的埃博拉病毒暴露后死亡率和感染状态数据库。我们进行岭回归，预测死亡率和感染作为性状、系统发育特征向量和单独宿主受体序列的函数。我们发现埃博拉病毒的死亡率与生活史特征和系统发育密切相关。相比之下，感染状态不仅与生活史和系统发育有关，还与水果消耗有关，这表明果食哺乳动物的地理重叠可能导致病毒在野外传播。 Niemann Pick C1 (NPC1) 受体序列以非常高的准确度预测了我们研究中蝙蝠的感染状态，这表明在其他物种中表征 NPC1 是未来工作的一个有前途的途径。我们结合死亡率和感染状态模型的预测来区分被感染并死于埃博拉病毒的物种与被感染但耐受病毒的物种（可能是埃博拉病毒的储存者）。因此，我们首次对非洲所有已知陆生哺乳动物的埃博拉病毒储存状态进行了全面估计。识别埃博拉病毒的动物宿主对于预防未来的疫情爆发至关重要。我们收集了详尽的数据库，其中包括哪些物种死亡以及哪些物种在已发表的文献中显示出过去感染埃博拉病毒的证据。我们的方法使我们能够区分哪些物种对埃博拉病毒表现出高死亡率，以及哪些物种在接触后能够耐受感染。我们发现果蝠很可能是病毒宿主，因为它们暴露于感染但能耐受病毒，而灵长类动物并不是理想的宿主，因为它们一旦暴露就会死于感染。我们还比较了不同的感染预测因素，并得出结论，埃博拉病毒受体最能预测蝙蝠的感染，而生态特征则预测灵长类动物的感染。
We explore how animal host traits, phylogenetic identity and cell receptor sequences relate to infection status and mortality from ebolaviruses. We gathered exhaustive databases of mortality from Ebolavirus after exposure and infection status based on PCR and antibody tests. We performed ridge regressions predicting mortality and infection as a function of traits, phylogenetic eigenvectors and separately host receptor sequences. We found that mortality from Ebolavirus had a strong association to life history characteristics and phylogeny. In contrast, infection status related not just to life history and phylogeny, but also to fruit consumption which suggests that geographic overlap of frugivorous mammals can lead to spread of virus in the wild. Niemann Pick C1 (NPC1) receptor sequences predicted infection statuses of bats included in our study with very high accuracy, suggesting that characterizing NPC1 in additional species is a promising avenue for future work. We combine the predictions from our mortality and infection status models to differentiate between species that are infected and also die from Ebolavirus versus species that are infected but tolerate the virus (possible reservoirs of Ebolavirus). We therefore present the first comprehensive estimates of Ebolavirus reservoir statuses for all known terrestrial mammals in Africa. Identifying the animal hosts of Ebolavirus is crucial to preventing future outbreaks. We gathered exhaustive databases of which species die and which species show evidence of past infection from ebolaviruses in published literature. Our approach allowed us to differentiate which species show high mortality from Ebolavirus and which species tolerate the infection after exposure. We found that fruit bats are likely reservoirs as they are exposed to the infection but tolerate the virus, whereas primates do not serve as ideal reservoirs because they succumb to the infection once exposed. We also compared different predictors of infection and conclude that receptors of Ebolavirus best predict infection in bats whereas ecological traits predict infection in primates.
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