Influence of microtopography, ridge geometry and rainfall intensity on soil erosion induced by contouring failure
Influence of microtopography, ridge geometry and rainfall intensity on soil erosion induced by contouring failure
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微地形、山脊几何形状和降雨强度对等高线破坏引起的土壤侵蚀的影响
DOI：
10.1016/j.still.2013.09.006
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发表时间：
2014-03
影响因子：
6.5
通讯作者：
Zhang H.Y.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liu Q.J.;Shi Z.H.;Yu X.X.;Zhang H.Y.
等高起垄是一种有效的土壤保持措施，在世界各地广泛使用。由于坡地的微地形起伏，雨水集中在沿着沟的低洼地区，在那里可能发生等高线破坏。为了定量分析等高线破坏引起的产流产沙影响因素的作用和相互作用，采用两种微地形指数，进行了32次降雨模拟试验（行坡度，RG和田间坡度，FS），两个山脊几何指数（山脊高度，H和山脊宽度，W）和两个水平的降雨强度（RI）排列在L16（25）正交表中，重复两次。结果表明，除行级外，其他因子均对径流量和产沙量有显著影响（p= 0.01）。降雨强度对径流的贡献率最大，为68.1%，其次为垄高、坡度和垄宽。田间坡度与降雨量呈负相关，贡献率为5.4%，在较低降雨强度下，径流量随坡度的增加而增加，而在较高降雨强度下，径流量随坡度的增加而增加。垄高与垄宽的负交互作用和田间坡度与垄高的正交互作用对径流量也有显著影响。对于产沙量，最重要的因素（21.4%）是山脊高度，这有负面影响。降雨强度对产沙量的影响小于对径流量的影响，而垄坡等级及其与垄宽的交互作用对产沙量的影响较大。控制径流的最优因子组合为RG1、FS1、H2和W2，控制产流的最优因子组合为RG1、FS1、H2和W2，控制产沙的最优因子组合为RG1、FS1、H1和W2，其中下标1和2分别表示较低和较高的因子水平。
Contour ridging is an effective soil conservation practice used throughout the world. Because of microtopographic relief on sloping land, rainwater concentrates in low areas along furrows where contouring failure can occur. To quantify the effects and interactions of factors that influence runoff and sediment yield induced by contouring failure, a total of 32 rainfall simulation experiments were conducted, with two microtopography indices (row grade, RG, and field slope, FS), two ridge geometry indices (ridge height,H, and ridge width,W), and two levels of rainfall intensity (RI) arranged in an L16(25) orthogonal array with two replications. The results showed that all of the factors considered except for row grade exerted significant influences on runoff and sediment yield (p= 0.01). Rainfall intensity was the most important factor for runoff, with a contribution of 68.1%, followed by ridge height, field slope, and ridge width. Field slope and rainfall interacted negatively, with a contribution of 5.4%, resulting in increased runoff with increasing field slope at lower rainfall intensities, while the opposite effect was observed at higher rainfall intensities. The negative interaction of ridge height and width and the positive interaction of field slope and ridge height also had significant effects on runoff. For sediment yield, the most important factor (21.4%) was ridge height, which had a negative effect. Rainfall intensity had less effect on sediment yield than on runoff, while the row grade and its interaction with ridge width had greater influences. The optimal combinations of factors for control of runoff were determined to be RG1, FS1,H2, andW2for lower rainfall intensity and RG1, FS2,H2, andW2for higher rainfall intensity, and the optimal combinations of factors for sediment yield conservation were determined to be RG1, FS1,H1, andW2, where in all cases, the subscripts 1 and 2 denote lower and higher factor levels.
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影响因子：
6.4
作者：
L. Descroix;D. Viramontes;Juan Estrada;J. Barrios;J. Asseline
通讯作者：
L. Descroix;D. Viramontes;Juan Estrada;J. Barrios;J. Asseline
影响因子：
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作者：
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A. Parsons;P. Stone
影响因子：
6.5
作者：
J. Kouwenhoven;U. Perdok;E. C. Jonkheer;P. Sikkema;A. Wieringa
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J. Kouwenhoven;U. Perdok;E. C. Jonkheer;P. Sikkema;A. Wieringa
影响因子：
6.5
作者：
GRIFFITH, DR;PARSONS, SD;MANNERING, JV
通讯作者：
MANNERING, JV
影响因子：
6.5
作者：
Xiuying Wang;P. Gassman;Jimmy R. Williams;S. Potter;A. Kemanian
通讯作者：
Xiuying Wang;P. Gassman;Jimmy R. Williams;S. Potter;A. Kemanian