Influence of Warning Statements on Understanding of the Negative Health Consequences of Smoking.
Influence of Warning Statements on Understanding of the Negative Health Consequences of Smoking.
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警告声明对理解吸烟对健康的负面影响的影响。
DOI：
10.1093/ntr/ntaa031
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发表时间：
2020-10-08
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Portnoy, David B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pepper, Jessica K.;Zarndt, Anh Nguyen;Eggers, Matthew E.;Nonnemaker, James M.;Portnoy, David B.
根据《烟草控制法》(TCA)，美国食品和药物管理局 (FDA) 正在制定新的香烟健康警语，以传达吸烟对健康的负面影响。这项研究评估了 15 项修订后的警告声明（10 项涉及与 TCA 声明类似的主题，5 项涉及其他主题）中的哪些能够促进人们更好地了解相对于 TCA 声明的吸烟风险。 2018 年 2 月，青少年和成年吸烟者以及易吸烟青少年 (n = 2505) 完成了一项在线实验。控制条件参与者查看 TCA 声明；治疗条件参与者查看了 TCA 和修订后的陈述的组合。分析将修订后的陈述与关于同一健康主题的 TCA 陈述进行比较，或者在没有关于同一主题的陈述的情况下与随机选择的 TCA 陈述进行比较。相对于 TCA 陈述，15 个修订后的陈述中有 12 个更有可能被视为新信息，其中 12 个导致了更多的自我报告学习。三个修订后的声明使参与者比 TCA 声明更多地思考健康风险；一项修订后的声明的情况正好相反。参与者将大多数 TCA 和修订后的陈述评为中等可信度和信息丰富。七项修订后的陈述被发现不太可信和不真实，一项修订后的陈述更可信和更真实。治疗条件参与者比对照条件参与者正确选择了更多与吸烟相关的健康状况（25 人中的 13.79 比 12.42）。研究结果表明，修订后的声明可以促进人们更好地了解吸烟风险。结果告知 FDA 选择与图像配对的警告文本，以便在后续研究中进行测试。如果修订后的声明能够促进公众更好地了解吸烟对健康的负面影响，美国 FDA 可能会调整 TCA 中提供的卷烟警告声明的文本。与配对的 TCA 声明相比，大多数经过测试的修订后的警告声明更有可能被视为新信息，并导致更多的自我报告学习，这为使用修订后的声明作为卷烟健康警告的一部分提供了支持。这些结果为 FDA 制定香烟警告图片提供了信息，这些警告在后续研究中进行了测试，并纳入了拟议的规则中。
Pursuant to the Tobacco Control Act (TCA), the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is developing new cigarette health warnings to convey the negative health consequences of cigarette smoking. This study assessed which of 15 revised warning statements (10 on topics similar to TCA statements and 5 on other topics) promoted greater understanding of cigarette smoking risks relative to TCA statements. In February 2018, adolescent and adult smokers and adolescents susceptible to smoking (n = 2505) completed an online experiment. Control condition participants viewed TCA statements; treatment condition participants viewed combinations of TCA and revised statements. Analyses compared revised statements to TCA statements on the same health topic or to randomly selected TCA statements if there were no statements on the same topic. Relative to TCA statements, 12 of 15 revised statements were more likely to be considered new information, and 12 resulted in more self-reported learning. Three revised statements made participants think more about health risks than TCA statements; the reverse was true for one revised statement. Participants rated most TCA and revised statements as moderately believable and informative. Seven revised statements were found to be less believable and factual, and one revised statement more believable and factual. Treatment condition participants correctly selected more smoking-related health conditions than control condition participants (13.79 versus 12.42 of 25). Findings suggest that revised statements can promote greater understanding of cigarette smoking risks. Results informed FDA’s selection of warning text that was paired with images for testing in a follow-up study. The US FDA may adjust the text of the cigarette warning statements provided in the TCA if the revised statements promote greater public understanding of the negative health consequences of cigarette smoking. Most of the revised warning statements tested were more likely to be considered new information and resulted in more self-reported learning compared with paired TCA statements, providing support for using revised statements as part of cigarette health warnings. These results informed the development of pictorial cigarette warnings by FDA that were tested in a follow-up study and included in a proposed rule.
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影响因子：
--
作者：
Atkin, Joann L.;Beltramini, Richard F.
通讯作者：
Beltramini, Richard F.
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
Cummings, KM;Hyland, A;Bansal, MA
通讯作者：
Bansal, MA
影响因子：
3.9
作者：
Byrne S;Greiner Safi A;Kemp D;Skurka C;Davydova J;Scolere L;Mathios AD;Avery RJ;Dorf MC;Steinhardt J;Niederdeppe J
通讯作者：
Niederdeppe J
DOI：
10.1111/j.2517-6161.1995.tb02031.x
发表时间：
1995-01-01
影响因子：
5.8
作者：
BENJAMINI, Y;HOCHBERG, Y
通讯作者：
HOCHBERG, Y
DOI：
10.3390/ijerph7114089
发表时间：
2010-11
影响因子：
--
作者：
Fathelrahman AI;Omar M;Awang R;Cummings KM;Borland R;Bin Mohd Samin AS
通讯作者：
Bin Mohd Samin AS