Shining a light on the dark proteome: Non-canonical open reading frames and their encoded miniproteins as a new frontier in cancer biology.
Shining a light on the dark proteome: Non-canonical open reading frames and their encoded miniproteins as a new frontier in cancer biology.
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DOI：
10.1002/pro.4708
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发表时间：
2023-08
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在发现基因编码蛋白质后的几十年里，科学家们一直试图详尽而全面地描述人类基因组。计算方法沿着转录组学和蛋白质组学技术的最新进展现已表明，历史上非编码基因组区域可能包含非规范开放阅读框（ncORF），其可能编码功能性微蛋白或通过编码非依赖性功能发挥调控活性。越来越清楚的是，这些ncORF可能在癌症等重大人类疾病中发挥关键作用。本文综述了ncORF的研究历史和最新进展，并探讨了ncORF的已知功能及其可能编码的微蛋白。我们特别强调了支持ncORF和miniproteins在癌症中作用的新证据。最后，我们为癌症中ncORF的未来研究的高优先级领域提供了蓝图，重点是ncORF检测，功能表征和治疗干预。
In the decades following the discovery that genes encode proteins, scientists have tried to exhaustively and comprehensively characterize the human genome. Recent advances in computational methods along with transcriptomic and proteomic techniques have now shown that historically non‐coding genomic regions may contain non‐canonical open reading frames (ncORFs), which may encode functional miniproteins or otherwise exert regulatory activity through coding‐independent functions. Increasingly, it is clear that these ncORFs may play critical roles in major human diseases such as cancer. In this review, we summarize the history and current progress of ncORF research and explore the known functions of ncORFs and the miniproteins they may encode. We particularly highlight the emerging body of evidence supporting a role for ncORFs and miniproteins contributions in cancer. Finally, we provide a blueprint for high‐priority areas of future research for ncORFs in cancer, focusing on ncORF detection, functional characterization, and therapeutic intervention.
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影响因子：
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作者：
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Baranov PV
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PCAWG Consortium
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