The coronavirus replicase.
The coronavirus replicase.
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DOI：
10.1007/3-540-26765-4_3
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发表时间：
2005
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Ziebuhr J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ziebuhr J
冠状病毒基因组复制和转录发生在细胞质膜上，涉及由病毒复制酶介导的连续和不连续RNA合成的协调过程，病毒复制酶是一种由20 kb复制酶基因编码的巨大蛋白质复合物。复制酶复合物被认为由多达16个病毒亚单位和许多细胞蛋白组成。除了依赖于RNA的RNA聚合酶、RNA解旋酶和蛋白酶活性，这些都是RNA病毒所共有的，最近预测冠状病毒复制酶还使用各种RNA加工酶，这些酶不是在其他RNA病毒中发现（或极罕见），包括推定的序列特异性核糖核酸内切酶、3′-至5′核糖核酸外切酶、2′-O-核糖甲基转移酶、ADP核糖1′-磷酸酶和，在第2组冠状病毒的一个子集中，环磷酸二酯酶活性。本章综述了（1）冠状病毒复制酶基因的组织，（2）病毒蛋白酶对复制酶的蛋白水解加工，（3）复制酶各个亚基（如蛋白酶、RNA解旋酶和RNA依赖性RNA聚合酶）的功能和结构信息，以及（4）参与RNA合成的冠状病毒蛋白质的亚细胞定位。尽管冠状病毒生命周期的许多分子细节仍有待研究，但现有信息表明，这些病毒及其远缘巢状病毒亲属采用独特的酶活性和其他蛋白质功能集合来合成一组含有5′-前导序列的亚基因组mRNA，并复制目前已知的最大RNA病毒基因组。
Coronavirus genome replication and transcription take place at cytoplasmic membranes and involve coordinated processes of both continuous and discontinuous RNA synthesis that are mediated by the viral replicase, a huge protein complex encoded by the 20-kb replicase gene. The replicase complex is believed to be comprised of up to 16 viral subunits and a number of cellular proteins. Besides RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, RNA helicase, and protease activities, which are common to RNA viruses, the coronavirus replicase was recently predicted to employ a variety of RNA processing enzymes that are not (or extremely rarely) found in other RNA viruses and include putative sequence-specific endoribonuclease, 3′-to-5′ exoribonuclease, 2′-O-ribose methyltransferase, ADP ribose 1′-phosphatase and, in a subset of group 2 coronaviruses, cyclic phosphodiesterase activities. This chapter reviews (1) the organization of the coronavirus replicase gene, (2) the proteolytic processing of the replicase by viral proteases, (3) the available functional and structural information on individual subunits of the replicase, such as proteases, RNA helicase, and the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, and (4) the subcellular localization of coronavirus proteins involved in RNA synthesis. Although many molecular details of the coronavirus life cycle remain to be investigated, the available information suggests that these viruses and their distant nidovirus relatives employ a unique collection of enzymatic activities and other protein functions to synthesize a set of 5′-leader-containing subgenomic mRNAs and to replicate the largest RNA virus genomes currently known.
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冠状病毒主蛋白酶的结构揭示了甲over依蛋白酶折叠与额外的α-螺旋结构域的组合。
影响因子：
11.4
作者：
Anand, Kanchan;Palm, Gottfried J;Mesters, Jeroen R;Siddell, Stuart G;Ziebuhr, John;Hilgenfeld, Rolf
通讯作者：
Hilgenfeld, Rolf
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
ALLAIRE, M;CHERNAIA, MM;JAMES, MNG
通讯作者：
JAMES, MNG
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Bost, AG;Carnahan, RH;Denison, MR
通讯作者：
Denison, MR
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
BAKER, SC;YOKOMORI, K;LAI, MMC
通讯作者：
LAI, MMC
影响因子：
14.9
作者：
BREDENBEEK, PJ;PACHUK, CJ;SPAAN, WJM
通讯作者：
SPAAN, WJM