Isodicentric Y chromosomes and sex disorders as byproducts of homologous recombination that maintains palindromes.

Isodicentric Y chromosomes and sex disorders as byproducts of homologous recombination that maintains palindromes.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.cell.2009.07.042
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发表时间:
2009-09-04
期刊:
影响因子:
64.5
通讯作者:
Page DC
Page DC
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lange J;Skaletsky H;van Daalen SK;Embry SL;Korver CM;Brown LG;Oates RD;Silber S;Repping S;Page DC

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人类Y染色体上的大量回文区含有精子发生所必需的镜像基因对。在进化过程中,这些基因对通过回文内臂对臂重组得以维持。回文内重组的机制和有害影响的风险尚不清楚。我们报告了51例等双着丝粒Y(idicY)染色体形成的同源交换之间的相对臂回文姐妹染色单体。这些异位重组事件发生在几乎所有的Y连锁回文。基于我们的研究结果,我们提出回文序列内的同一性是通过同源重组的非交叉途径来维持的。启动这些途径的DNA双链断裂可以通过姐妹染色单体之间的交叉来解决,以形成idicY染色体,其临床后果从生精失败到性逆转和特纳综合征。我们的观察结果表明,交叉以及noncrossover途径是活跃在几乎所有的Y-连锁回文,暴露了阿喀琉斯之踵的机制,保留回文基因。
Massive palindromes in the human Y chromosome harbor mirror-image gene pairs essential for spermatogenesis. During evolution, these gene pairs have been maintained by intrapalindrome, arm-to-arm recombination. The mechanism of intrapalindrome recombination and risk of harmful effects are unknown. We report 51 patients with isodicentric Y (idicY) chromosomes formed by homologous crossing-over between opposing arms of palindromes on sister chromatids. These ectopic recombination events occur at nearly all Y-linked palindromes. Based on our findings, we propose that intrapalindrome sequence identity is maintained via noncrossover pathways of homologous recombination. DNA double-strand breaks that initiate these pathways can be alternatively resolved by crossing over between sister chromatids to form idicY chromosomes, with clinical consequences ranging from spermatogenic failure to sex reversal and Turner syndrome. Our observations imply that crossover as well as noncrossover pathways are active in nearly all Y-linked palindromes, exposing an Achilles' heel in the mechanism that preserves palindrome-borne genes.
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