A systems approach evaluating the impact of SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern mutations on CD8+ T cell responses.

A systems approach evaluating the impact of SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern mutations on CD8+ T cell responses.
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DOI:
10.1093/immadv/ltad005
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发表时间:
2023
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其他
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疫苗接种和/或自然感染后对SARS-CoV-2抗原的T细胞识别在解决SARS-CoV-2感染和产生适应性免疫记忆方面发挥了核心作用。然而,SARS-CoV-2特异性T细胞应答的临床影响是多种多样的,T细胞与靶抗原相互作用的机制还不完全清楚。考虑到病毒的快速进化,这一点尤其正确,这导致了具有免疫逃逸能力的新变异。在本研究中,我们以Omicron变异体为模式生物,采用系统的方法评价突变对CD8+T细胞免疫原性的影响。我们计算了来自祖先毒株和Omicron的每个SARS-CoV-2多肽抗原的免疫原性潜在分数,包括抗原呈递和T细胞识别概率。通过比较祖先和奥米克龙的免疫原性分数,我们揭示了奥米克龙变体中CD8+T细胞识别突变靶点的不同和不同的影响格局。虽然Omicron多肽的T细胞识别能力被广泛保留,但我们观察到免疫原性下降的突变多肽,这可能有助于某些人的突破性感染。然后,我们将我们的评分方案与电子诱变相结合,以表征位置和残基特定的理论突变对免疫原性的影响。虽然我们预测了许多替代理论图景中的逃逸轨迹,但我们的研究表明,T细胞表位的Omicron突变并不是在细胞介导的压力下发生的。我们的研究为更深入地理解现有的和新的变异对抗原特异性疫苗和/或感染诱导的T细胞免疫的影响提供了一个通用的平台。
T cell recognition of SARS-CoV-2 antigens after vaccination and/or natural infection has played a central role in resolving SARS-CoV-2 infections and generating adaptive immune memory. However, the clinical impact of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell responses is variable and the mechanisms underlying T cell interaction with target antigens are not fully understood. This is especially true given the virus’ rapid evolution, which leads to new variants with immune escape capacity. In this study, we used the Omicron variant as a model organism and took a systems approach to evaluate the impact of mutations on CD8+ T cell immunogenicity. We computed an immunogenicity potential score for each SARS-CoV-2 peptide antigen from the ancestral strain and Omicron, capturing both antigen presentation and T cell recognition probabilities. By comparing ancestral vs. Omicron immunogenicity scores, we reveal a divergent and heterogeneous landscape of impact for CD8+ T cell recognition of mutated targets in Omicron variants. While T cell recognition of Omicron peptides is broadly preserved, we observed mutated peptides with deteriorated immunogenicity that may assist breakthrough infection in some individuals. We then combined our scoring scheme with an in silico mutagenesis, to characterise the position- and residue-specific theoretical mutational impact on immunogenicity. While we predict many escape trajectories from the theoretical landscape of substitutions, our study suggests that Omicron mutations in T cell epitopes did not develop under cell-mediated pressure. Our study provides a generalisable platform for fostering a deeper understanding of existing and novel variant impact on antigen-specific vaccine- and/or infection-induced T cell immunity.
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-04690-5
发表时间: 2022-05
期刊: Nature
影响因子: 64.8
作者:
通讯作者: --
CoVID-19疫苗或感染引起的SARS-COV-2 T细胞反应预计将保持对Omicron的稳健性。
DOI: 10.3390/v14010079
发表时间: 2022-01-02
期刊: Viruses
影响因子: --
作者:
Ahmed SF;Quadeer AA;McKay MR
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DOI: 10.1038/s41591-022-01700-x
发表时间: 2022-03
期刊: Nature medicine
影响因子: 82.9
作者:
Gao Y;Cai C;Grifoni A;Müller TR;Niessl J;Olofsson A;Humbert M;Hansson L;Österborg A;Bergman P;Chen P;Olsson A;Sandberg JK;Weiskopf D;Price DA;Ljunggren HG;Karlsson AC;Sette A;Aleman S;Buggert M
通讯作者: Buggert M
DOI: 10.1038/s41577-022-00676-6
发表时间: 2022-03
期刊: Nature reviews. Immunology
影响因子: --
作者:
Flemming A
通讯作者: Flemming A
DOI: 10.1007/s00251-015-0875-9
发表时间: 2015-11
期刊: Immunogenetics
影响因子: 3.2
作者:
Dos Santos Francisco R;Buhler S;Nunes JM;Bitarello BD;França GS;Meyer D;Sanchez-Mazas A
通讯作者: Sanchez-Mazas A