L-cysteine suppresses ghrelin and reduces appetite in rodents and humans.
L-cysteine suppresses ghrelin and reduces appetite in rodents and humans.
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DOI：
10.1038/ijo.2014.172
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发表时间：
2015-03
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Murphy, K. G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McGavigan, A. K.;O'Hara, H. C.;Amin, A.;Kinsey-Jones, J.;Spreckley, E.;Alamshah, A.;Agahi, A.;Banks, K.;France, R.;Hyberg, G.;Wong, C.;Bewick, G. A.;Gardiner, J. V.;Lehmann, A.;Martin, N. M.;Ghatei, M. A.;Bloom, S. R.;Murphy, K. G.
高蛋白饮食有助于减肥和随后的体重维持，但很难坚持下去。蛋白质发挥这些作用的机制尚不清楚。然而，蛋白质消化产生的氨基酸可能在推动蛋白质诱导的饱腹感方面发挥作用。我们测试了一系列氨基酸对啮齿类动物摄食量的影响，并确定L半胱氨酸是最厌食的。在啮齿动物模型上，我们进一步研究了L半胱氨酸对啮齿动物摄食量、行为和能量消耗的影响。在研究其对胃排空和胃肠激素释放的影响之前，我们继续研究其对下丘脑和脑干神经元激活的影响。然后，研究了L半胱氨酸对人体食欲评分和胃肠激素释放的影响。L-半胱氨酸可剂量依赖性地减少大鼠和小鼠灌胃和腹腔给药后的摄食量。这种影响似乎并不次于行为或厌恶的副作用。L-半胱氨酸可增加胃最后区神经元的激活，延缓胃排空。它能抑制血浆酰化生长素水平，并且不会减少过量表达生长激素的转基因小鼠的摄食量。重复给予L-半胱氨酸可减少大鼠和肥胖小鼠的摄食量。L-半胱氨酸降低了人类的饥饿感和血浆乙酰胃促生长素水平。还需要进一步的工作来确定L半胱氨酸对啮齿类动物和人类的食欲和体重的慢性影响，以及L半胱氨酸是否有助于蛋白质诱导的饱腹感。
High-protein diets promote weight loss and subsequent weight maintenance, but are difficult to adhere to. The mechanisms by which protein exerts these effects remain unclear. However, the amino acids produced by protein digestion may have a role in driving protein-induced satiety. We tested the effects of a range of amino acids on food intake in rodents and identified l-cysteine as the most anorexigenic. Using rodents we further studied the effect of l-cysteine on food intake, behaviour and energy expenditure. We proceeded to investigate its effect on neuronal activation in the hypothalamus and brainstem before investigating its effect on gastric emptying and gut hormone release. The effect of l-cysteine on appetite scores and gut hormone release was then investigated in humans. l-Cysteine dose-dependently decreased food intake in both rats and mice following oral gavage and intraperitoneal administration. This effect did not appear to be secondary to behavioural or aversive side effects. l-Cysteine increased neuronal activation in the area postrema and delayed gastric emptying. It suppressed plasma acyl ghrelin levels and did not reduce food intake in transgenic ghrelin-overexpressing mice. Repeated l-cysteine administration decreased food intake in rats and obese mice. l-Cysteine reduced hunger and plasma acyl ghrelin levels in humans. Further work is required to determine the chronic effect of l-cysteine in rodents and humans on appetite and body weight, and whether l-cysteine contributes towards protein-induced satiety.
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影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Hochstenbach-Waelen, Ananda;Westerterp-Plantenga, Margriet S.;Westerterp, Klaas R.
通讯作者：
Westerterp, Klaas R.
影响因子：
29
作者：
Blouet C;Schwartz GJ
通讯作者：
Schwartz GJ
影响因子：
5.5
作者：
Jordi, Josua;Herzog, Brigitte;Verrey, Francois
通讯作者：
Verrey, Francois
影响因子：
7.7
作者：
Bewick GA;Kent A;Campbell D;Patterson M;Ghatei MA;Bloom SR;Gardiner JV
通讯作者：
Gardiner JV
影响因子：
7.4
作者：
Blouet, Clemence;Mariotti, Francois;Huneau, Jean-Francois
通讯作者：
Huneau, Jean-Francois