MicroRNA in the ovary and female reproductive tract.
MicroRNA in the ovary and female reproductive tract.
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DOI：
10.2527/jas.2008-1331
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发表时间：
2009-04
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Christenson LK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carletti MZ;Christenson LK
转录后基因调控在男性和女性生殖细胞功能中起着至关重要的作用，但我们对体细胞中的这一调控过程及其对生殖组织发育和功能的影响的理解尚不清楚。在哺乳动物细胞中，microRNA （miRNA）是关键的转录后调节因子，通过调节其靶mRNA的翻译或降解发挥作用。成熟的miRNA是通过一个多步骤的过程合成的，最终由RNase III酶Dicer1切割茎环前miRNA。为了确定miRNA调控的程度并建立基线，miRNA谱分析表明在生殖组织和细胞中存在大量的miRNA。此外，多项研究表明，生殖组织中miRNA的表达随垂体和性腺激素的变化而变化。为了了解miRNA介导的转录后基因调控在雌性生殖中的作用，我们研究了全球Dicer1低变形小鼠和几种组织特异性Dicer1敲除小鼠。有趣的是，当生殖组织或细胞中的Dicer1表达减少时，雌性不育。本文综述了迄今为止有关哺乳动物雌性生殖系统中miRNA调控的所有研究成果。
Post-transcriptional gene regulation plays a vital role in male and female germ cell function, but our understanding of this regulatory process in somatic cells and its impact on reproductive tissue development and function is not understood. In mammalian cells, microRNA (miRNA) are key post-transcriptional regulators and function by modulating translation or degradation of their target mRNA. Mature miRNA are synthesized through a multi-step process that concludes with the cleavage of stem-loop pre-miRNA by the RNase III enzyme Dicer1. To determine the extent of miRNA regulation and establish a baseline, miRNA profiling has indicated the presence of large numbers of miRNA within reproductive tissues and cells. Moreover, several studies have indicated that miRNA expression in reproductive tissues varies in response to pituitary and gonadal hormones. To understand the role miRNA mediated post-transcriptional gene regulation plays in female reproduction, a global Dicer1 hypomorph mouse and several tissue specific Dicer1 knockout mice have been studied. Interestingly, when Dicer1 expression is reduced in reproductive tissues or cells, the females are infertile. This review discusses all the work regarding miRNA regulation within the mammalian female reproductive system published to date.
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