Causes and feedbacks to widespread grass invasion into chaparral shrub dominated landscapes
Causes and feedbacks to widespread grass invasion into chaparral shrub dominated landscapes
复制标题
草丛广泛入侵丛林灌木为主的景观的原因和反馈
DOI：
10.1007/s10980-019-00800-3
复制
发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Jenerette, G. Darrel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Park, Isaac W.;Jenerette, G. Darrel
上下文这项研究提供了一个统一的，整体的框架，预测整个地中海气候灌丛灌木草转换的动态。这项工作特别关注加州查帕拉尔，直到最近一直被认为是抵抗外来草的入侵，但近年来似乎已经经历了实质性的类型转换。目的综合目前的理解，反馈和人为影响，既增强和减少南加州查帕拉尔入侵的敏感性和其相应的能力，使入侵地区的荒漠化。方法我们回顾了现有的文献有关的因素，增强或降低的易感性查帕拉尔入侵，并组织这些因素和它们的相互作用成一个单一的统一框架的环境驱动因素，生态相互作用，和历史遗产与分布和速度的这种invasion.ResultsA无数的过程相互作用，以调解入侵的外来草到完整的查帕拉尔。此外，我们证明，反馈存在于两个查帕拉尔灌木丛和异国情调的草地，修改景观的方式，可以提高自己的生存，作为转换成替代覆盖类型的障碍，并在某些情况下，削弱了相邻植被入侵的抵抗力。我们建立了一个方法框架，从许多气候，人为，土壤和生物的反馈，确定镶嵌invasion.ConclusionsThis研究表明，大量的转换查帕拉尔到落叶草地最近发生在南部加州，并提出了一个统一的框架，预测整个地中海气候灌木丛的灌木-草转换的动态。
ContextThis study provides a unified, holistic framework for predicting the dynamics of shrub-grass conversion throughout Mediterranean-climate shrublands. This work focuses specifically on the California chaparral, which until recently has been considered resistant to invasion by exotic grasses, but in recent years appears to have undergone substantial type conversion.ObjectivesTo synthesize current understanding of the feedbacks and anthropogenic impacts that both enhance and reduce the susceptibility of southern California chaparral to invasion and its corresponding ability to recolonize invaded areas.MethodsWe review the existing literature pertaining to the factors that enhance or reduce the susceptibility of chaparral to invasion, and organize these factors and their interactions into a single unified framework of environmental drivers, ecological interactions, and historical legacies associated with the distribution and rate of such invasion.ResultsA myriad of processes interact to mediate the invasion of exotic grasses into intact chaparral. In addition, we demonstrate that feedbacks exist within both chaparral shrublands and exotic grasslands that modify the landscape in ways that can enhance their own survival, act as barriers to conversion into alternate cover types, and in some cases weaken the resistance of adjacent vegetation to invasion. We posit a methodological framework from which the many climatic, anthropogenic, edaphic, and biotic feedbacks that determine the mosaic of invasion can be modeled.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that substantial conversion of chaparral into deciduous grasslands has recently occurred in southern California and presents a unified framework for forecasting the dynamics of shrub-grass conversion throughout Mediterranean-climate shrublands.
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