Invariant natural killer T cells balance B cell immunity.

Invariant natural killer T cells balance B cell immunity.
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DOI:
10.1111/imr.12938
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发表时间:
2021-01
影响因子:
8.7
通讯作者:
Karlsson MCI
Karlsson MCI
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Leadbetter EA;Karlsson MCI

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不变的自然杀伤T细胞(INKT)介导快速免疫反应,弥合先天和获得性免疫应答之间的差距,同时也为维持免疫平衡提供关键的调节。这两种重要的iNKT免疫反应都是通过与先天B细胞和适应性B细胞的相互作用来实现的。因此,iNKT细胞处于调节炎性或自身反应性B细胞与支持保护性或调节性B细胞群之间的决策支点。INKT细胞解释其环境中的信号,为后续的适应性反应设定基调,结果包括获得许可作为iNKT调节细胞(INKTreg)维持体内平衡,或被激活成为iNKT滤泡辅助细胞(INKTFH),支持病原体特异性效应器B细胞。在这里,我们回顾了iNKT和B细胞在免疫结果的各个方面的合作,包括在过敏和自身免疫性疾病、肿瘤监测和免疫治疗、或病原体防御和疫苗反应期间。由于其作为影响者的关键作用,iNKT细胞为治疗干预提供了有价值的靶点。了解iNKT和B细胞之间相互作用的本质将使临床干预措施的发展能够战略性地针对调节性iNKT和B细胞群体或炎症性细胞群体,具体取决于环境。
Invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells mediate rapid immune responses which bridge the gap between innate and adaptive responses to pathogens while also providing key regulation to maintain immune homeostasis. Both types of important iNKT immune responses are mediated through interactions with innate and adaptive B cells. As such, iNKT cells sit at the decision-making fulcrum between regulating inflammatory or autoreactive B cells and supporting protective or regulatory B cell populations. iNKT cells interpret the signals in their environment to set the tone for subsequent adaptive responses, with outcomes ranging from getting licensed to maintain homeostasis as an iNKT regulatory cell (iNKTreg) or being activated to become an iNKT follicular helper (iNKTFH) cell supporting pathogen-specific effector B cells. Here we review iNKT and B cell cooperation across the spectrum of immune outcomes, including during allergy and autoimmune disease, tumor surveillance and immunotherapy, or pathogen defense and vaccine responses. Because of their key role as influencers, iNKT cells provide a valuable target for therapeutic interventions. Understanding the nature of the interactions between iNKT and B cells will enable the development of clinical interventions to strategically target regulatory iNKT and B cell populations or inflammatory ones, depending on the circumstance.
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