Bolting and flowering control in sugar beet: relationships and effects of gibberellin, the bolting gene B and vernalization.
Bolting and flowering control in sugar beet: relationships and effects of gibberellin, the bolting gene B and vernalization.
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DOI：
10.1093/aobpla/plq012
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Hedden P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mutasa-Göttgens ES;Qi A;Zhang W;Schulze-Buxloh G;Jennings A;Hohmann U;Müller AE;Hedden P
利用共显性基因型PCR标记，我们首次发现，在甜菜中，GA和b基因通路在螺栓起始过程中是独立的。我们发现春化允许依赖ga的茎伸长，b等位基因影响随后的开花。抽苔是甜菜（Beta vulgaris）生殖过渡的第一个可见标志，由抽苔显性基因B （B等位基因）控制，这使得在没有提前春化的情况下长时间开花（LDs， bb0 - 14h光照）。甜菜（Beta vulgaris L. spp. vulgaris）的b位点携带隐性等位基因（bb），因此春化和ld是抽苔和开花所必需的。赤霉素生长激素（giberellin growth hormone, GAs）控制甜菜茎伸长和生殖发育，但其在这些过程中的作用尚不明确。我们的目的是研究GAs在甜菜抽根和开花中的作用，以及它与b基因定义的春化需求的关系。在诱导（光照16 h）和非诱导（光照8 h）光周期下，对B等位基因分离的植株进行外源GA4处理，并事先进行春化处理和不进行春化处理。采用共显性聚合酶链反应（PCR）标记对b基因位点进行基因分型。对抽苔日期和花期进行评分，并酌情测量抽苔高度。通过方差分析确定了GAs、B等位基因和春化对抽苔和开花的影响及其相互作用。B等位基因对抽苔的影响也在田间得到验证。应用GAs或B等位基因可以独立启动抽苔。当B等位基因缺失时，施用的气体促进了茎的生长，但仅在春化植物中起作用，与光周期无关。在ld条件下，携带B等位基因（BB； BB）的植株开花前杆高受GAs的影响不显著。开花时间和频率受B等位基因的影响，而与ga无交互作用。在甜菜中，GA诱导抽苔不依赖于B等位基因和光周期。春化使GA的作用独立于B等位基因；因此，显性B等位基因可能不直接参与春化诱导的脱根。
Using a co-dominant genotypic PCR marker we show for the first time that, in sugar beet, the GA and B-gene pathways are independent for bolt initiation. We show that vernalization permits GA-dependant stem elongation and that the B-allele influences subsequent flowering. Bolting, the first visible sign of reproductive transition in beets (Beta vulgaris), is controlled by the dominant bolting gene B (B allele), which allows for flowering under long days (LDs, >14 h light) without prior vernalization. The B-locus carries recessive alleles (bb) in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L. spp. vulgaris), so that vernalization and LDs are required for bolting and flowering. Gibberellin growth hormones (GAs) control stem elongation and reproductive development, but their role during these processes in sugar beet is not defined. We aimed to investigate the involvement of GAs in bolting and flowering in sugar beet, and also its relationship with the vernalization requirement as defined by the B-gene. Plants segregating for the B allele were treated with exogenous GA4 under inductive (16 h light) and non-inductive (8 h light) photoperiods, with and without prior vernalization treatment. A co-dominant polymerase chain reaction (PCR) marker was used to genotype the B-gene locus. Bolting and flowering dates were scored, and bolt heights were measured as appropriate. Analysis of variance was used to determine the effects and interactions of GAs, the B allele and vernalization on bolting and flowering. The effects of the B allele on bolting were also verified in the field. Application of GAs or the B allele could initiate bolting independently. When the B allele was absent, the applied GAs promoted stem growth, but did so only in vernalized plants, irrespective of photoperiod. Under LDs, bolt height before flowering in plants carrying the B allele (BB; Bb) was not significantly influenced by GAs. The timing and frequency of flowering were influenced by the B allele without interactive effects from GAs. In sugar beet, GA acts independently of the B allele and photoperiod to induce bolting. Vernalization enables GA action independently of the B allele; hence, the dominant B allele may not directly participate in vernalization-induced bolting.
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影响因子：
5.4
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