Patterns and mediators of racial and ethnic disparities in COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among young adults.
Patterns and mediators of racial and ethnic disparities in COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among young adults.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ypmed.2022.107077
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发表时间：
2022-06
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Leventhal, Adam M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dai, Hongying;Barrington-Trimis, Jessica L.;Unger, Jennifer B.;Baezconde-Garbanati, Lourdes;Leventhal, Adam M.
COVID-19疫苗已经上市一年多，但仍有26%的美国年轻人没有接种疫苗。本研究探讨了年轻人疫苗犹豫的种族和民族差异以及介导疫苗犹豫差异的态度/信念。2021年1月至5月，对来自美国加利福尼亚州洛杉矶队列的年轻成人（n = 2041;平均值[SD]：21.3[0.7]岁）进行了在线调查，并将其分类为疫苗犹豫（报告“完全不可能”/“不太可能”/“稍微可能”接种疫苗的人）与非犹豫（报告“中度可能”/“非常可能”/“肯定可能”接种疫苗或已经接种疫苗的人）。进行多变量逻辑回归，以检查疫苗犹豫的种族/民族差异。进行因素分析，以创建三个分量表对疫苗接种：积极的，消极的，缺乏访问的信念。中介分析进行评估的途径，从态度/信念分量表种族差异的疫苗犹豫。总体而言，33.0%的受访者报告了疫苗犹豫。与白色人相比，黑人年轻人的疫苗犹豫发生率更高（AOR[95%CI] = 4.3[2.4-7.8]），亚洲人与白人相比发生率更低（AOR[95%CI] = 0.5[0.3-0.8]）。中介人解释了90%的黑人（与白色）疫苗犹豫的差异，包括通过积极信念降低（β = 0.23，p <0.001）和消极信念增强（β = 0.02，p = 0.04）效应产生的显著间接效应。约81%的亚洲人（与白色人）疫苗犹豫差异可以用三个组合分量表解释，包括显著的正信念降低（β =-0.18，p < .001）间接效应。研究发现，年轻成年人对COVID-19疫苗的犹豫存在显著的种族和民族差异，这是由对疫苗接种的态度和信念的差异介导的。需要开展有针对性的教育运动和宣传，以促进公平利用有效的疫苗。
COVID-19 vaccines have been available for over a year, yet 26% of U.S. young adults remain unvaccinated. This study examines racial and ethnic disparities in young adult vaccine hesitancy and attitudes/beliefs that mediate disparities in vaccine hesitancy. Young adults (n = 2041;Mean[SD]:21.3[0.7] years-old) from a Los Angeles, CA, USA cohort were surveyed online in January–May 2021 and classified as vaccine hesitant (those who reported “Not at all likely”/“Not very likely” /“Slightly likely” to get vaccinated) versus non-hesitant (those who reported “Moderately likely”/”Very likely”/”Definitely likely” to get vaccinated or already vaccinated). Multivariable logistic regression was performed to examine racial/ethnic disparities in vaccine hesitancy. Factor analysis was conducted to create three subscales toward vaccination: positive, negative, and lack-of-access beliefs. Mediation analyses were performed to assess pathways from attitude/belief subscales to racial disparities in vaccine hesitancy. Overall 33.0% of respondents reported vaccine hesitancy. Black vs. White young adults had a higher prevalence of vaccine hesitancy (AOR[95%CI] = 4.3[2.4–7.8]), and Asians vs. Whites had a lower prevalence (AOR[95%CI] = 0.5[0.3–0.8]). Mediators explained 90% of the Black (vs. White) disparity in vaccine hesitancy, including significant indirect effects through positive belief–reducing (β = 0.23,p < .001) and negative belief–enhancing (β = 0.02,p = .04) effects. About 81% of the Asian (vs. White) disparity in vaccine hesitancy was explained by the three combined subscales, including significant positive belief–reducing (β = −0.18,p < .001) indirect effect. Substantial racial and ethnic disparities in young adult COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy were found, which were mediated by differences in attitudes and beliefs toward vaccination. Targeted education campaigns and messages are needed to promote equitable utilization of the effective vaccine.
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DOI：
10.15585/mmwr.mm6942e1
发表时间：
2020-10-23
期刊：
MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report
影响因子：
--
作者：
Gold JAW;Rossen LM;Ahmad FB;Sutton P;Li Z;Salvatore PP;Coyle JP;DeCuir J;Baack BN;Durant TM;Dominguez KL;Henley SJ;Annor FB;Fuld J;Dee DL;Bhattarai A;Jackson BR
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Jackson BR
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DOI：
10.1001/jama.2015.8950
发表时间：
2015-08-18
期刊：
JAMA
影响因子：
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作者：
Leventhal AM;Strong DR;Kirkpatrick MG;Unger JB;Sussman S;Riggs NR;Stone MD;Khoddam R;Samet JM;Audrain-McGovern J
通讯作者：
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DOI：
10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.113638
发表时间：
2021-03
期刊：
Social science & medicine (1982)
影响因子：
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作者：
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Motta M
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Islam MS;Kamal AM;Kabir A;Southern DL;Khan SH;Hasan SMM;Sarkar T;Sharmin S;Das S;Roy T;Harun MGD;Chughtai AA;Homaira N;Seale H
通讯作者：
Seale H
DOI：
10.15585/mmwr.mm7025e2
发表时间：
2021-06-25
期刊：
MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report
影响因子：
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作者：
Baack BN;Abad N;Yankey D;Kahn KE;Razzaghi H;Brookmeyer K;Kolis J;Wilhelm E;Nguyen KH;Singleton JA
通讯作者：
Singleton JA