Sex Differences in Autophagy Contribute to Female Vulnerability in Alzheimer's Disease.
Sex Differences in Autophagy Contribute to Female Vulnerability in Alzheimer's Disease.
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DOI：
10.3389/fnins.2018.00372
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Congdon EE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Congdon EE
阿尔茨海默病(AD)是最常见的痴呆症形式，仅在美国就有超过540万例(阿尔茨海默氏症协会)。临床上，AD的定义是由Aβ组成的斑块和由微管相关蛋白tau组成的神经纤维病理。另一个关键特征是在该途径的关键步骤中自噬的失调。在AD中，被破坏的自噬通过不能清除病理性蛋白聚集体、胰岛素抵抗及其在Aβ合成中的作用而促进疾病的进展。像许多精神和神经退行性疾病一样，患AD的风险和病程取决于患者的性别。这些差异发生的一个潜在机制是性激素对自噬的影响。在女性中，随着更年期荷尔蒙的丧失，既是患上阿尔茨海默病的危险因素，也是阿尔茨海默病性别差异的明显例子。然而，由于AD病理可能在绝经前几十年就开始了，这并不能提供完整的答案。我们认为，在生命周期中，自噬调节的性别差异导致了AD风险的增加，以及女性更严重的病理改变。
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia, with over 5. 4 million cases in the US alone (Alzheimer's Association,). Clinically, AD is defined by the presence of plaques composed of Aβ and neurofibrillary pathology composed of the microtubule associated protein tau. Another key feature is the dysregulation of autophagy at key steps in the pathway. In AD, disrupted autophagy contributes to disease progression through the failure to clear pathological protein aggregates, insulin resistance, and its role in the synthesis of Aβ. Like many psychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases, the risk of developing AD, and disease course are dependent on the sex of the patient. One potential mechanism through which these differences occur, is the effects of sex hormones on autophagy. In women, the loss of hormones with menopause presents both a risk factor for developing AD, and an obvious example of where sex differences in AD can stem from. However, because AD pathology can begin decades before menopause, this does not provide the full answer. We propose that sex-based differences in autophagy regulation during the lifespan contribute to the increased risk of AD, and greater severity of pathology seen in women.
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影响因子：
4.7
作者：
Bloom GS;Lazo JS;Norambuena A
通讯作者：
Norambuena A
神经元中的自噬诱导和自噬体清除：与阿尔茨海默氏病自噬病理学的关系。
影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Boland, Barry;Kumar, Asok;Lee, Sooyeon;Platt, Frances M.;Wegiel, Jerzy;Yu, W. Haung;Nixon, Ralph A.
通讯作者：
Nixon, Ralph A.
影响因子：
7.9
作者：
Addis R;Campesi I;Fois M;Capobianco G;Dessole S;Fenu G;Montella A;Cattaneo MG;Vicentini LM;Franconi F
通讯作者：
Franconi F
影响因子：
4.3
作者：
Bedse G;Di Domenico F;Serviddio G;Cassano T
通讯作者：
Cassano T
影响因子：
14
作者：
通讯作者：
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