L-NAC reverses of the adverse effects of fentanyl infusion on ventilation and blood-gas chemistry.

L-NAC reverses of the adverse effects of fentanyl infusion on ventilation and blood-gas chemistry.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113277
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发表时间:
2022-09
期刊:
Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie
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其他
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迫切需要开发能够逆转阿片类药物对呼吸和动脉血气(ABG)化学的不利影响,同时保留阿片类药物镇痛作用的药物。本研究描述了推注 N-乙酰基-L-半胱氨酸(L-NAC,500 μmol/kg,IV)对接受连续注射的未麻醉成年雄性 Sprague Dawley 大鼠的通气参数、ABG 化学、肺泡动脉 (A-a) 梯度、镇静(翻正反射)和镇痛状态(甩尾潜伏期测定)的影响。 输注芬太尼(1 μg/kg/min,IV)。芬太尼输注引起以下方面的明显干扰:(1) 通气参数(例如,呼吸频率、潮气量和每分钟通气量降低),(2) ABG 化学(随着 pCO2 增加,pH、pO2、sO2 降低)、(3) A-a 梯度(与肺泡气体交换减少一致的增加)和 (4) 镇静和镇痛。在芬太尼输注开始后 60 和 90 分钟进行 L-NAC 推注,可快速、持续地逆转芬太尼输注对通气参数和 ABG 化学的有害影响,而不会影响芬太尼的镇静或镇痛作用。全身性 L-NAC 已被批准供人类使用,因此我们的研究结果提出了这种生物活性硫醇可能是对抗阿片类药物引起的人类呼吸抑制的有效化合物的可能性。
There is an urgent need for development of drugs that are able to reverse the adverse effects of opioids on breathing and arterial blood-gas (ABG) chemistry while preserving opioid analgesia. The present study describes the effects of bolus injections of N-acetyl-L-cysteine (L-NAC, 500 μmol/kg, IV) on ventilatory parameters, ABG chemistry, Alveolar-arterial (A-a) gradient, sedation (righting reflex) and analgesia status (tail-flick latency assay) in unanesthetized adult male Sprague Dawley rats receiving a continuous infusion of fentanyl (1 μg/kg/min, IV). Fentanyl infusion elicited pronounced disturbances in (1) ventilatory parameters (e.g., decreases in frequency of breathing, tidal volume and minute ventilation), (2) ABG chemistry (decreases in pH, pO2, sO2 with increases in pCO2), (3) A-a gradient (increases that were consistent with reduced alveolar gas exchange), and (4) sedation and analgesia. Bolus injections of L-NAC given 60 and 90 min after start of fentanyl infusion elicited rapid and sustained reversal of the deleterious effects of fentanyl infusion on ventilatory parameters and ABG chemistry, whereas they did not affect the sedative or analgesic effects of fentanyl. Systemic L-NAC is approved for human use, and thus our findings raise the possibility that this biologically active thiol may be an effective compound to combat opioid-induced respiratory depression in human subjects.
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