CRISPR/Cas9 Mediated Genome Engineering for Improvement of Horticultural Crops.
CRISPR/Cas9 Mediated Genome Engineering for Improvement of Horticultural Crops.
复制标题
DOI：
10.3389/fpls.2017.01635
复制
发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Singh B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Karkute SG;Singh AK;Gupta OP;Singh PM;Singh B
园艺作物是粮食和营养安全农业的重要组成部分。然而，几种害虫和疾病沿着不利的非生物环境因素，通过影响其质量和产量对这些作物构成严重威胁。这保证了通过利用创新的生物技术工具来解决上述问题的有效和加速的育种计划。最近的基因组编辑技术通过重复的规则间隔短回文重复序列/CRISPR相关9（CRISPR/Cas9）大大推进了作物改良的育种，这是由于其相对于其他核酸酶如锌指核酸酶和转录激活因子样效应核酸酶的简单性和高效率。CRISPR/Cas9工具包含非特异性Cas9核酸酶和单一指导RNA，其将Cas9引导至特定基因组位置，从而产生双链断裂，随后的修复过程产生插入或缺失突变。这是目前广泛采用的反向遗传学工具，并在大量农作物作物的作物改良。CRISPR/Cas9在园艺作物中的使用仅限于少数作物，因为在许多园艺作物中缺乏再生方案和足够的序列信息。在这篇综述中，讨论了CRISPR/Cas9在园艺作物中的适用性现状，沿着这些作物在产量、品质和对生物和非生物胁迫的抗性方面可能的改进所面临的挑战和未来的潜力。
Horticultural crops are an important part of agriculture for food as well as nutritional security. However, several pests and diseases along with adverse abiotic environmental factors pose a severe threat to these crops by affecting their quality and productivity. This warrants the effective and accelerated breeding programs by utilizing innovative biotechnological tools that can tackle aforementioned issues. The recent technique of genome editing by Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats/CRISPR associated 9 (CRISPR/Cas9) has greatly advanced the breeding for crop improvement due to its simplicity and high efficiency over other nucleases such as Zinc Finger Nucleases and Transcription Activator Like Effector Nucleases. CRISPR/Cas9 tool contains a non-specific Cas9 nuclease and a single guide RNA that directs Cas9 to the specific genomic location creating double-strand breaks and subsequent repair process creates insertion or deletion mutations. This is currently the widely adopted tool for reverse genetics, and crop improvement in large number of agricultural crops. The use of CRISPR/Cas9 in horticultural crops is limited to few crops due to lack of availability of regeneration protocols and sufficient sequence information in many horticultural crops. In this review, the present status of applicability of CRISPR/Cas9 in horticultural crops was discussed along with the challenges and future potential for possible improvement of these crops for their yield, quality, and resistance to biotic and abiotic stress.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
5.6
作者：
Butler NM;Baltes NJ;Voytas DF;Douches DS
通讯作者：
Douches DS
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Nekrasov V;Wang C;Win J;Lanz C;Weigel D;Kamoun S
通讯作者：
Kamoun S
影响因子：
13.8
作者：
Jia H;Zhang Y;Orbović V;Xu J;White FF;Jones JB;Wang N
通讯作者：
Wang N
影响因子：
12.3
作者：
Lawrenson T;Shorinola O;Stacey N;Li C;Østergaard L;Patron N;Uauy C;Harwood W
通讯作者：
Harwood W
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
Jinek, Martin;Chylinski, Krzysztof;Charpentier, Emmanuelle
通讯作者：
Charpentier, Emmanuelle