Exploring parental understanding of child sexual abuse and prevention as a measure for HIV prevention in Rwampara district.
Exploring parental understanding of child sexual abuse and prevention as a measure for HIV prevention in Rwampara district.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0269786
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
在世界范围内，每年有9500多万儿童遭受性虐待，撒哈拉以南非洲的儿童遭受性侵犯的比率高于更发达地区的儿童。在乌干达，20%的年轻人表示，他们的首次性行为是非自愿的。通过儿童性虐待将艾滋病毒传染给儿童的风险很高，因为粘膜组织受到更大的破坏，而且虐待往往是反复发生的。这大大加重了乌干达艾滋病毒的负担。尽管存在这些风险，但研究表明，尽管父母是儿童的主要保护者，但他们在积极参与预防儿童性虐待方面存在差距。在此背景下，我们试图探索父母对儿童期性虐待的理解，并将其作为预防乌干达西南部卢旺达帕拉区艾滋病毒的一项措施。在为卢旺达帕拉区社区提供服务的四个保健中心进行了一项现象学研究。共有25名(n=25)9-14岁儿童的父母或监护人被有目的地选择参加研究。参与者接受了深入的半结构化访谈，这些访谈被记录、转录和翻译，以便进行主题分析。父母对儿童性虐待的理解仅限于男人和孩子之间的穿透性行为。接受采访的父母中有三人报告说，他们的孩子曾遭受过性虐待，其中一人在她很小的时候就受到了虐待。据报道，被虐待的儿童是女性，年龄在3至14岁之间。我们还发现，在向父母宣传以家庭为基础预防儿童性虐待和向虐待受害者提供心理支持方面存在差距。我们的研究表明，乌干达西部农村地区存在儿童性虐待现象。父母对性虐待的程度、性虐待的迹象、案件处理和对性虐待受害者的心理支持的认识仍然存在很大差距。这严重影响了父母作为儿童的主要保护者识别和保护儿童免受多种形式的儿童性虐待的能力。
Worldwide, more than 95 million children are sexually abused each year with children in sub-Saharan Africa experiencing sexual assault at higher rates than those in more developed areas. In Uganda, 20% of young people indicated that their sexual debut was non-consensual. The risk for transmission of HIV to children through Child Sexual Abuse is high because of greater mucosal tissue damage and the often repetitive nature of abuse. This contributes significantly to the burden of HIV in Uganda. Despite these risks, studies have shown gaps in active parental involvement in child sexual abuse prevention despite their being the primary protectors of children. Against this background we sought to explore parental understanding of childhood sexual abuse and prevention as a measure for HIV prevention in Rwampara District, South Western Uganda. A phenomenological study was carried out in four health centers that serve the communities of Rwampara district. A total of 25 (n = 25) parents or guardians of children aged 9–14 years were purposively selected to participate in the study. The participants were subjected to in-depth semi-structured interviews which were recorded, transcribed, and translated for thematic analysis. Parents’ understanding of child sexual abuse was limited to penetrative sex between a man and a child. Three of the parents interviewed reported to have had children who had been sexually abused while one of the parents had been abused when she was young. The children reported to have been abused were female and were between 3-14years. We also identified gaps in the sensitization of parents regarding home-based prevention of child sexual abuse and psychological support for the victims of abuse. Our study shows that child sexual abuse exists in rural western Uganda. There remains a significant gap in the awareness of parents regarding the extent of sexual abuse, signs of sexual abuse, case handling, and psychological support for victims of sexual abuse. This significantly affects the capacity of parents as the primary protectors of children to identify and protect the children against the multiple forms of child sexual abuse.
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