Atmospheric chemistry-climate feedbacks
Atmospheric chemistry-climate feedbacks
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大气化学-气候反馈
DOI：
10.1029/2009jd013300
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发表时间：
2010-06
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Raes, F Liao, H Chen, WT Seinfeld, JH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Raes, F Liao, H Chen, WT Seinfeld, JH
我们将气候反馈理论扩展到包括大气化学。辐射强迫引起的温度变化一般包括反馈到气候系统的化学变化的贡献;同样，化学强迫引起的大气负担变化也包括反馈到化学系统的相关气候变化的贡献。该理论包括两个反馈增益G_（che）和G_（max）。Gche定义为在完全气候-化学耦合条件下，由长期温室气体辐射强迫引起的平衡全球平均温度变化与无耦合条件下的变化之比。G_（max）定义为完全耦合条件下化学强迫引起的平衡平均气溶胶或气相负荷变化与无耦合条件下的平衡平均气溶胶或气相负荷变化之比。我们采用了一个基于戈达德空间研究所（GISS）GCM II“的气候-大气化学模式，包括对流层气相化学、硫酸盐、硝酸盐、铵、黑碳和有机碳。虽然该模型描述了气候和大气化学之间的许多重要耦合，但并非所有耦合都得到了解释，例如间接气溶胶强迫以及自然尘埃和海盐气溶胶的作用。在反馈理论的指导下，我们进行了扰动实验来量化G_（che）和G_（xe）。我们发现，在行星尺度上，地面气温的G_（che）基本上等于1.00。从区域上看，G_（che）为0.80-1.30。与气候系统中的物理反馈相比，这些增益很小（例如，水蒸气和云反馈）。这些G_（che）值对于所用的特定模式是稳健的，但当使用更全面的气候-大气化学模式时可能会发生变化。我们的微扰实验不允许我们获得G_（ω）的稳健值。在全球范围内，不同化学物质的G_（max）值在0.99 ~ 1.28之间，而在高污染区，臭氧的G_（max）值可达1.15，气溶胶总量的G_（max）值可达1.40。这些初步值表明气候反馈在大气化学系统中的重要作用。
We extend the theory of climate feedbacks to include atmospheric chemistry. A change in temperature caused by a radiative forcing will include, in general, a contribution from the chemical change that is fed back into the climate system; likewise, the change in atmospheric burdens caused by a chemical forcing will include a contribution from the associated climate change that is fed back into the chemical system. The theory includes two feedback gains, G_(che) and G_(cli). G_(che) is defined as the ratio of the change in equilibrium global mean temperature owing to long-lived greenhouse gas radiative forcing, under full climate-chemistry coupling, to that in the absence of coupling. G_(cli) is defined as the ratio of the change in equilibrium mean aerosol or gas-phase burdens owing to chemical forcing under full coupling, to that in the absence of coupling. We employ a climate-atmospheric chemistry model based on the Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) GCM II', including tropospheric gas-phase chemistry, sulfate, nitrate, ammonium, black carbon, and organic carbon. While the model describes many essential couplings between climate and atmospheric chemistry, not all couplings are accounted for, such as indirect aerosol forcing and the role of natural dust and sea salt aerosols. Guided by the feedback theory, we perform perturbation experiments to quantify G_(che) and G_(cli). We find that G_(che) for surface air temperature is essentially equal to 1.00 on a planetary scale. Regionally, G_(che) is estimated to be 0.80–1.30. The gains are small compared to those of the physical feedbacks in the climate system (e.g., water vapor, and cloud feedbacks). These values for G_(che) are robust for the specific model used, but may change when using more comprehensive climate-atmospheric chemistry models. Our perturbation experiments do not allow one to obtain robust values for G_(cli). Globally averaged, the values range from 0.99 to 1.28, depending on the chemical species, while, in areas of high pollution, G_(cli) can be up to 1.15 for ozone, and as large as 1.40 for total aerosol. These preliminary values indicate a significant role of climate feedbacks in the atmospheric chemistry system.
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影响因子：
5.2
作者：
M. Prather
通讯作者：
M. Prather
DOI：
10.1007/978-3-030-78731-8_5
发表时间：
2021-11
期刊：
Advanced Textbooks in Control and Signal Processing
影响因子：
--
作者：
Hai Lin;P. Antsaklis
通讯作者：
Hai Lin;P. Antsaklis
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
S. Kloster;F. Dentener;J. Feichter;F. Raes;U. Lohmann;E. Roeckner;I. Fischer-Bruns
通讯作者：
S. Kloster;F. Dentener;J. Feichter;F. Raes;U. Lohmann;E. Roeckner;I. Fischer-Bruns
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2000-10
期刊：
--
影响因子：
--
作者：
N. Nakicenovic;J. Alcamo;Ged Davis;B. Vries;J. Fenhann;S. Gaffin;K. Gregory;A. Grubler;T. Jung-T
通讯作者：
N. Nakicenovic;J. Alcamo;Ged Davis;B. Vries;J. Fenhann;S. Gaffin;K. Gregory;A. Grubler;T. Jung-T
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Liao, H;Adams, PJ;Jacob, DJ
通讯作者：
Jacob, DJ