Mitochondria Localized microRNAs: An Unexplored miRNA Niche in Alzheimer's Disease and Aging.

Mitochondria Localized microRNAs: An Unexplored miRNA Niche in Alzheimer's Disease and Aging.
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DOI:
10.3390/cells12050742
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发表时间:
2023-02-25
期刊:
影响因子:
6
通讯作者:
Kumar, Subodh
Kumar, Subodh
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Rivera, Jazmin;Gangwani, Laxman;Kumar, Subodh

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线粒体在脑细胞,特别是神经元中发挥几种重要作用,以提供突触能量(ATP)、Ca 2+稳态、活性氧(ROS)产生、细胞凋亡、线粒体自噬、轴突运输和神经传递。线粒体功能障碍是包括阿尔茨海默病(AD)在内的许多神经系统疾病的病理生理学中的公认现象。淀粉样β(A β)和磷酸化tau(p-tau)蛋白导致AD中严重的线粒体缺陷。近年来,在线粒体功能、细胞过程和一些人类疾病中发现了一种新的细胞微RNA(microRNAs,miRNAs),即线粒体-miRNAs(mito-miRs)。线粒体定位的miRNA调节局部线粒体基因的表达,并显著参与线粒体蛋白的调节,从而控制线粒体功能。因此,线粒体miRNA对于维持线粒体完整性和正常线粒体稳态至关重要。线粒体功能障碍在AD发病机制中已得到充分证实,但不幸的是,线粒体miRNA及其在AD中的确切作用尚未研究。因此,迫切需要检查和破译线粒体miRNA在AD和衰老过程中的关键作用。目前的观点揭示了最新的见解和未来的研究方向,调查线粒体miRNA在AD和衰老中的贡献。
Mitochondria play several vital roles in the brain cells, especially in neurons to provide synaptic energy (ATP), Ca2+ homeostasis, Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) production, apoptosis, mitophagy, axonal transport and neurotransmission. Mitochondrial dysfunction is a well-established phenomenon in the pathophysiology of many neurological diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Amyloid-beta (Aβ) and Phosphorylated tau (p-tau) proteins cause the severe mitochondrial defects in AD. A newly discovered cellular niche of microRNAs (miRNAs), so-called mitochondrial-miRNAs (mito-miRs), has recently been explored in mitochondrial functions, cellular processes and in a few human diseases. The mitochondria localized miRNAs regulate local mitochondrial genes expression and are significantly involved in the modulation of mitochondrial proteins, and thereby in controlling mitochondrial function. Thus, mitochondrial miRNAs are crucial to maintaining mitochondrial integrity and for normal mitochondrial homeostasis. Mitochondrial dysfunction is well established in AD pathogenesis, but unfortunately mitochondria miRNAs and their precise roles have not yet been investigated in AD. Therefore, an urgent need exists to examine and decipher the critical roles of mitochondrial miRNAs in AD and in the aging process. The current perspective sheds light on the latest insights and future research directions on investigating the contribution of mitochondrial miRNAs in AD and aging.
突触microRNA在阿尔茨海默氏病中的作用。
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