Is Plant Life-History of Biseasonal Germination Consistent in Response to Extreme Precipitation?
Is Plant Life-History of Biseasonal Germination Consistent in Response to Extreme Precipitation?
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双季节发芽的植物生活史对极端降水的反应是否一致？
DOI：
10.3390/plants10081642
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发表时间：
2021-08-10
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Zhang D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen Y;Zhang H;Zhang L;Zhang L;Cao Q;Liu H;Zhang D
预计未来气候将增加极端降水事件的强度和频率，由此产生的生态后果往往比正常降水事件更严重。特别是在荒漠生态系统中，由于极端降水发生频率低、波动性强，极端降水对荒漠植物造成的破坏性后果一段时间以来没有得到足够的重视。根据极端降水事件的统计（1965-2018）在古尔班通古特沙漠，我们调查了极端降水的影响，对照组为+0%，W_1组为+50%，W_2组为+100%，W_3组为+200%，W_4组为+100%，W_5组为+100%，W_6组为+100%，W_7组为+100%，W_维持外地能力，W 4）通过监测幼苗出苗、存活，物候、器官大小、生物量积累和分配。结果表明，极端降水导致约2.5%的桉树出苗率; 2018年秋季出现尖喙草，2019年早春出现3.0%的幼苗，这意味着大多数种子可能储存在土壤中或已经死亡。同时，极端降水显著提高了SG和AG植物的存活率、器官大小和生物量积累，且W3接近SG（326.70 mm）和AG（560.10 mm）植物最大个体生物量所对应的降水阈值，因此，生命周期较长的AG植物生长需要更多的水分。相反，W 4使AG植物提前进入叶期，并导致冬季死亡，这表明极端降水可能不利于AG植物。在极端降水条件下，SG和AG植物根系和生殖生物量分配呈现出明显相反的趋势，这可能与它们不同的生活史策略有关。因此，当仅考虑CMIP 6气候预测资料中极端降水的变化趋势时，我们推测，本世纪初至中期极端降水可能促进SG和AG植物的生长，但秋季极端降水超过一定阈值可能对世纪末AG植物的生存产生不利影响。
Future climate is projected to increase in the intensity and frequency of extreme precipitation events, and the resulting ecological consequences are often more serious than those of normal precipitation events. In particular, in desert ecosystems, due to the low frequency and strong fluctuation of extreme precipitation, the destructive consequences for desert plants caused by extreme precipitation have not received enough attention for some time. Based on statistics of extreme precipitation events (1965–2018) in the Gurbantunggut Desert, we investigated the effects of extreme precipitation (+0%, CK; +50%, W1; +100%, W2; +200%, W3; maintenance of field capacity, W4) on the plant life-history of the spring-germinated (SG) and autumn-germinated (AG) ephemeral plant Erodium oxyrhynchum by monitoring seedling emergence, survival, phenology, organ size, biomass accumulation, and allocation. The results showed that extreme precipitation caused about 2.5% seedling emergence of E. oxyrhynchum in autumn 2018 and 3.0% seedling emergence in early spring 2019, which means that most seeds may be stored in the soil or have died. Meanwhile, extreme precipitation significantly improved the survival, organ size, and biomass accumulation of SG and AG plants, and W3 was close to the precipitation threshold of SG (326.70 mm) and AG (560.10 mm) plants corresponding to the maximum individual biomass; thus, AG plants with a longer life cycle need more water for growth. Conversely, W4 caused AG plants to enter the leaf stage in advance and led to death in winter, which indicates that extreme precipitation may not be good for AG plants. Root and reproduction biomass allocation of SG and AG plants showed a significantly opposite trend under extreme precipitation treatments, which might be related to their different life-history strategies. Therefore, when only taking into account the changing trend of extreme precipitation from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 6 (CMIP6) climate projections data, we speculate that extreme precipitation may promote the growth of SG and AG plants from the beginning to the middle of this century, but extreme precipitation in autumn exceeding a certain threshold may adversely affect the survival of AG plants at the end of the century.
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