Structured sequence processing and combinatorial binding: neurobiologically and computationally informed hypotheses

Structured sequence processing and combinatorial binding: neurobiologically and computationally informed hypotheses
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结构化序列处理和组合结合:神经生物学和计算信息假设

DOI:
10.1098/rstb.2019.0304
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发表时间:
2019
期刊:
Biological Sciences
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Calmus R
Calmus R
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Calmus R

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了解大脑如何形成及时分布的结构化信息的表示对于神经科学界来说是一项具有挑战性的工作,需要计算和神经生物学的方法。用于分割连续的感觉输入流和建立依赖性表示的神经机制在很大程度上仍然未知,涉及序列处理这些方面的大脑区域之间发生的转换和计算也是如此。我们提出了一个序列处理的神经生物学信息和信息计算模型的蓝图(标题为:绑定实例化依赖性的矢量符号测序,或 VS-BIND)。该模型旨在支持将感知序列中的连续有序元素转换为绑定依赖关系的结构化表示,轻松在多个时间尺度上操作,并在依赖关系及时发生的情况下针对分块项目对序列进行编码或解码。该模型将已建立的矢量符号加法和联合结合算子与神经生物学上合理的振荡动力学相结合,并且与现代尖峰神经网络模拟方法兼容。我们表明,该模型能够模拟以前从涉及额颞区的结构化序列处理任务中得到的结果,指定前额叶区域 44/45 和额叶盖等区域在与颞叶皮层的感觉表征相互作用期间的机械作用。最后,我们能够仅根据模型的配置进行预测,这强调了串行位置信息的重要性,这需要来自已知位于海马体和背外侧前额叶皮层的时间敏感细胞的输入。本文是主题“迈向意义构成的机械模型”的一部分。
Understanding how the brain forms representations of structured information distributed in time is a challenging endeavour for the neuroscientific community, requiring computationally and neurobiologically informed approaches. The neural mechanisms for segmenting continuous streams of sensory input and establishing representations of dependencies remain largely unknown, as do the transformations and computations occurring between the brain regions involved in these aspects of sequence processing. We propose a blueprint for a neurobiologically informed and informing computational model of sequence processing (entitled: Vector-symbolic Sequencing of Binding INstantiating Dependencies, or VS-BIND). This model is designed to support the transformation of serially ordered elements in sensory sequences into structured representations of bound dependencies, readily operates on multiple timescales, and encodes or decodes sequences with respect to chunked items wherever dependencies occur in time. The model integrates established vector symbolic additive and conjunctive binding operators with neurobiologically plausible oscillatory dynamics, and is compatible with modern spiking neural network simulation methods. We show that the model is capable of simulating previous findings from structured sequence processing tasks that engage fronto-temporal regions, specifying mechanistic roles for regions such as prefrontal areas 44/45 and the frontal operculum during interactions with sensory representations in temporal cortex. Finally, we are able to make predictions based on the configuration of the model alone that underscore the importance of serial position information, which requires input from time-sensitive cells, known to reside in the hippocampus and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Towards mechanistic models of meaning composition’.
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