Ischemic heart disease in women: a focus on risk factors.

Ischemic heart disease in women: a focus on risk factors.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.tcm.2014.10.005
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发表时间:
2015-02
影响因子:
9.3
通讯作者:
Wenger NK
Wenger NK
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Mehta PK;Wei J;Wenger NK

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心脏病仍然是美国和全世界妇女发病率和死亡率的主要原因。本综述强调了女性缺血性心脏病(IHD)的已知和新出现的危险因素。传统的高血压、高血脂、糖尿病、吸烟等高危因素,以及不健康饮食、久坐等生活习惯,都是可以改变的。卫生保健提供者应该意识到女性新出现的心脏风险因素,如不良妊娠结局、全身性自身免疫性疾病、阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停和放射性心脏病;心理社会因素,如精神压力、抑郁、焦虑、社会经济地位低以及工作和婚姻压力在女性IHD中起着重要作用。鉴于IHD的负担日益加重,以及需要为妇女提供具有成本效益的高质量护理,因此必须适当认识和管理一系列风险因素。
Heart disease remains a major contributor to morbidity and mortality in women in the United States and worldwide. This review highlights known and emerging risk factors for ischemic heart disease (IHD) in women. Traditional Framingham risk factors such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, smoking, as well as lifestyle habits such as unhealthy diet and sedentary lifestyle are all modifiable. Health care providers should be aware of emerging cardiac risk factors in women such as adverse pregnancy outcomes, systemic autoimmune disorders, obstructive sleep apnea, and radiation-induced heart disease; psychosocial factors such as mental stress, depression, anxiety, low socioeconomic status, and work and marital stress play an important role in IHD in women. Appropriate recognition and management of an array of risk factors is imperative given the growing burden of IHD and need to deliver cost-effective, quality care for women.
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