Complement factor H in AMD: Bridging genetic associations and pathobiology.

Complement factor H in AMD: Bridging genetic associations and pathobiology.
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AMD中的补体因子H:桥接遗传关联和病理生物学。

DOI:
10.1016/j.preteyeres.2017.09.001
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发表时间:
2018-01
影响因子:
17.8
通讯作者:
Bowes Rickman C
Bowes Rickman C
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Toomey CB;Johnson LV;Bowes Rickman C

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AMD是一种复杂的多因素疾病,其特征在于在其早期阶段是脂蛋白在BrM中的积累,在眼底镜检查中被视为玻璃疣,并且在其晚期形式是RPE细胞层的新血管形成(“湿”)或地图状萎缩(“干”)。遗传研究强烈支持替代性补体级联反应(特别是补体因子H(CFH)中常见的H402变体)与AMD发生之间的关系。然而,CFH Y402H多态性的功能意义仍然难以捉摸。在这篇文章中,我们批判性地回顾了文献周围的功能意义,这种多态性。此外,基于我们小组的研究,我们提出了一个模型,其中CFH H402影响CFH与硫酸乙酰肝素蛋白聚糖的结合,导致BrM中脂蛋白积累加速和玻璃疣进展。我们还回顾了其他补体成分在AMD病理生物学中的作用的文献,包括C3a,C5a和膜攻击复合物(MAC)和转基因小鼠模型,以询问体内CFH H402多态性的影响。
AMD is a complex multifactorial disease characterized in its early stages by lipoprotein accumulations in BrM, seen on fundoscopic exam as drusen, and in its late forms by neovascularization (“wet”) or geographic atrophy of the RPE cell layer (“dry”). Genetic studies have strongly supported a relationship between the alternative complement cascade, in particular the common H402 variant in Complement Factor H (CFH) and development of AMD. However, the functional significance of the CFH Y402H polymorphism remains elusive. In this article, we critically review the literature surrounding the functional significance of this polymorphism. Furthermore, based on our group’s studies we propose a model in which CFH H402 affects CFH binding to heparan sulfate proteoglycans leading to accelerated lipoprotein accumulation in BrM and drusen progression. We also review the literature on the role of other complement components in AMD pathobiologies, including C3a, C5a and membrane attack complex (MAC) and on transgenic mouse models developed to interrogate in vivo the effects of the CFH H402 polymorphism.
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