Molecular and morphological evidence reveals three species within the California sister butterfly, Adelpha bredowii (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Limenitidinae)
Molecular and morphological evidence reveals three species within the California sister butterfly, Adelpha bredowii (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Limenitidinae)
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分子和形态学证据揭示了加州姐妹蝶 Adelpha bredowii 中的三个物种（鳞翅目：蛱蝶科：Limenitidinae）
DOI：
10.11646/zootaxa.1819.1.1
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发表时间：
2008
期刊：
影响因子：
0.9
通讯作者：
J. LLORENTE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
K. Prudic;A. Warren;J. LLORENTE
近几十年来，在美国被称为加州姐妹的Adelpha bredowii（鳞翅目：蛱蝶科）被认为是一个多型的分类群，由两个，三个或四个亚种组成。该属的最新综述（Willmott 2003 a）确认了三种：A. B. bredowii、黑腹拟步行虫A. B. eulalia（= guatemalensis）和A. B.加利福尼亚州。我们使用线粒体（COII）和核（Tpi）DNA序列数据，加上传统的形态特征的重新评估，以确定A。bredowii复合体，并阐明其分类地位。分子数据的系统发育分析证实了这三个亚种的单系性（感觉Willmott），具有以下拓扑结构：（bredowii +（eulalia + californica））。这些类群之间的COII变化的平均水平远大于每个类群内的平均变化（3.4%对0.2%，分别）。这些类群之间没有共享的等位基因，甚至从两个谱系（bredowii和eulalia）的地方收集在确切的同域和同步。遗传分化的程度，相互单系性，和缺乏共享等位基因之间的分类群，加上独特的形态和分布属性的每一个，强烈建议A。bredowii、黑腹拟步行虫A. eulalia和A. California是所有物种水平的分类群，因为它们在这里被处理（rev. stat.）。Adelpha bredowii是墨西哥西部、中部和南部的特有种：其雌性同型（在此称为Lectotype）很可能起源于瓦哈卡的瓦哈卡市附近。Adelpha eulalia分布于危地马拉，墨西哥大部分地区，美国亚利桑那州，新墨西哥州和得克萨斯州（作为永久居民;更北的流浪者），并与A. bredowii至少在墨西哥的瓦哈卡，但可能在墨西哥西部和西南部的大部分地区。Eulalia的同型雌性（在此命名为Lectotype）很可能起源于墨西哥中南部。Adelpha californica与其他两个物种是异地分布的，发生在北方下加利福尼亚、加州的大部分地区、内华达州的远西部、俄勒冈州和华盛顿。我们的研究结果强调了对熟悉的类群进行系统审查的持续需要，并提出了Adelpha属可能由更多隐藏物种组成的前景。
In recent decades the butterfly Adelpha bredowii (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae), known in the USA as the California Sister, has been considered to be a polytypic array of taxa, composed of two, three or four subspecies. The most recent review of the genus (Willmott 2003a) recognized three: A. b. bredowii, A. b. eulalia (= guatemalensis) and A. b. californica. We used mitochondrial (COII) and nuclear (Tpi) DNA sequence data, coupled with a reevaluation of traditional morphological characters, to determine the phylogenetic relationships between members of the A. bredowii complex, and to elucidate their taxonomic status. Phylogenetic analysis of molecular data corroborated the monophyly of each of the three subspecies (sensu Willmott), with the following topology: (bredowii + (eulalia + californica)). Average levels of COII variation among these taxa were much greater than the average variation within each taxon (3.4% vs. 0.2%, respectively). There were no shared alleles among these taxa, even from localities where two lineages (bredowii and eulalia) were collected in exact sympatry and synchrony. The degree of genetic divergence, reciprocal monophyly, and absence of shared alleles between taxa, coupled with unique morphological and distributional attributes of each, strongly suggest that A. bredowii, A. eulalia and A. californica are all species-level taxa, as they are treated herein (rev. stat.). Adelpha bredowii is endemic to western, central and southern Mexico: the syntype female (herein designated Lectotype) most likely originated near Oaxaca City, Oaxaca. Adelpha eulalia occurs from Guatemala, through much of Mexico, to Arizona, New Mexico and Texas, United States (as permanent residents; further north as vagrants), and occurs in exact sympatry with A. bredowii at least in Oaxaca, Mexico, but potentially in much of western and southwestern Mexico. The syntype female of eulalia (herein designated Lectotype) most likely originated from south-central Mexico. Adelpha californica is allopatric with respect to the other two species, occurring in northern Baja California, much of California, far western Nevada, Oregon and Washington. Our results highlight the continuous need for systematic scrutiny of familiar taxa, and raise the prospect that the genus Adelpha may be comprised of many more hidden species.
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
Huelsenbeck, JP;Rannala, B
通讯作者：
Rannala, B