Spatiotemporal control of a novel synaptic organizer molecule.

Spatiotemporal control of a novel synaptic organizer molecule.
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DOI:
10.1038/nature14545
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发表时间:
2015-07-02
期刊:
影响因子:
64.8
通讯作者:
Hobert O
Hobert O
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Howell K;White JG;Hobert O

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突触的形成是一个在空间和时间上受到严格控制的过程。基因调控机制如何规定突触形成的空间和时间方面还不是很清楚。在线虫中,D型抑制运动神经元(MN)的两个亚型,背侧D(DD)和腹侧D(VD)神经元,沿着背侧和腹侧神经索延伸轴突。胚胎产生的DD MN最初在第一(L1)幼虫阶段支配腹肌,并从背索胆碱能MN接受它们的突触输入。它们在L1蜕皮结束时重新连接,以支配背侧肌肉,并被新形成的腹侧胆碱能MN神经支配。Vd MN在L1蜕皮后发育;它们接管腹肌的神经支配,并接受背侧胆碱能MN的突触输入。我们在这里表明,D型神经元突触连接的时空控制是由一种交叉转录策略控制的,在胚胎和早期幼虫阶段,UNC-30Pitx型同源结构域转录因子与时间控制的LIN-14转录因子一起作用,以防止DD MN的过早突触重新连接,并与UNC-55核激素受体一起,防止在幼虫后期和成体阶段异常的VD突触连接。这种交叉转录因子组合的一个关键效应分子是一种新的突触组织者分子,即单一免疫球蛋白结构域蛋白OIG-1。OIG-1以时间受控的方式沿D型MN的突触输出定位于突触周围,是适当选择突触前和突触后伙伴所必需的。
Synapse formation is a process tightly controlled in space and time. How gene regulatory mechanisms specify spatial and temporal aspects of synapse formation is not well understood. In the nematode C.elegans, two subtypes of the D-type inhibitory motor neuron (MN) classes, the dorsal D (DD) and ventral D (VD) neurons, extend axons along both the dorsal and ventral nerve cords . The embryonically generated DD MNs initially innervate ventral muscles in the first (L1) larval stage and receive their synaptic input from cholinergic MNs in the dorsal cord. They rewire by the end of the L1 molt to innervate dorsal muscles and to be innervated by newly formed ventral cholinergic MNs . VD MNs develop after the L1 molt; they take over the innervation of ventral muscles and receive their synaptic input from dorsal cholinergic MNs. We show here that the spatiotemporal control of synaptic wiring of the D-type neurons is controlled by an intersectional transcriptional strategy in which the UNC-30 Pitx-type homeodomain transcription factor acts together in embryonic and early larval stages with the temporally controlled LIN-14 transcription factor to prevent premature synapse rewiring of the DD MNs and, together with the UNC-55 nuclear hormone receptor, to prevent aberrant VD synaptic wiring in later larval and adult stages. A key effector of this intersectional transcription factor combination is a novel synaptic organizer molecule, the single immunoglobulin domain protein OIG-1. OIG-1 is perisynaptically localized along the synaptic outputs of the D-type MNs in a temporally controlled manner and is required for appropriate selection of both pre- and post-synaptic partners.
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