SARS-CoV-2 is associated with changes in brain structure in UK Biobank.
SARS-CoV-2 is associated with changes in brain structure in UK Biobank.
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DOI：
10.1038/s41586-022-04569-5
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发表时间：
2022-04
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
有强有力的证据表明，新冠肺炎存在与大脑相关的异常。然而，目前尚不清楚是否可以在较轻的病例中检测到SARS-CoV-2感染的影响，以及这是否可以揭示导致脑病理的可能机制。在这里，我们调查了英国Biobank的785名参与者(年龄51-81岁)的大脑变化，他们使用磁共振成像进行了两次成像，其中包括401名在两次扫描之间检测出SARS-CoV-2感染呈阳性的患者-他们的诊断和第二次扫描平均相隔141天-以及384名对照组。感染前成像数据的可用性降低了先前存在的风险因素被误解为疾病影响的可能性。当比较两组时，我们发现了显著的纵向影响，包括(1)眼眶额叶皮质和海马旁回灰质厚度和组织对比度的更大减少；(2)在功能上与初级嗅觉皮质相连的区域的组织损伤标志物的更大变化；以及(3)在SARS-CoV-2病例中，全球大脑大小的更大缩小。感染SARS-CoV-2的参与者在这两个时间点之间的平均认知能力也出现了更大的下降。重要的是，在排除了15名住院患者后，这些成像和认知纵向影响仍然被观察到。这些主要是边缘脑成像的结果可能是体内疾病通过嗅觉通路退行性传播、神经炎性事件或由于嗅觉缺失而失去感觉输入的特征。这种有害的影响是否可以部分逆转，或者这些影响是否会长期存在，还有待进一步的后续调查。感染SARS-CoV-2病毒后，个体的眼眶前额叶皮质和海马旁回的灰质厚度和组织对比度出现更大幅度的下降；与初级嗅觉皮质功能相连的区域的组织损伤标志物变化更大；整体大脑大小下降更大。
There is strong evidence of brain-related abnormalities in COVID-19. However, it remains unknown whether the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection can be detected in milder cases, and whether this can reveal possible mechanisms contributing to brain pathology. Here we investigated brain changes in 785 participants of UK Biobank (aged 51–81 years) who were imaged twice using magnetic resonance imaging, including 401 cases who tested positive for infection with SARS-CoV-2 between their two scans—with 141 days on average separating their diagnosis and the second scan—as well as 384 controls. The availability of pre-infection imaging data reduces the likelihood of pre-existing risk factors being misinterpreted as disease effects. We identified significant longitudinal effects when comparing the two groups, including (1) a greater reduction in grey matter thickness and tissue contrast in the orbitofrontal cortex and parahippocampal gyrus; (2) greater changes in markers of tissue damage in regions that are functionally connected to the primary olfactory cortex; and (3) a greater reduction in global brain size in the SARS-CoV-2 cases. The participants who were infected with SARS-CoV-2 also showed on average a greater cognitive decline between the two time points. Importantly, these imaging and cognitive longitudinal effects were still observed after excluding the 15 patients who had been hospitalised. These mainly limbic brain imaging results may be the in vivo hallmarks of a degenerative spread of the disease through olfactory pathways, of neuroinflammatory events, or of the loss of sensory input due to anosmia. Whether this deleterious effect can be partially reversed, or whether these effects will persist in the long term, remains to be investigated with additional follow-up. After infection with SARS-CoV-2, individuals show a greater reduction in grey matter thickness and tissue contrast in the orbitofrontal cortex and parahippocampal gyrus; greater changes in markers of tissue damage in regions that are functionally connected to the primary olfactory cortex; and a greater reduction in global brain size.
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DOI：
10.2967/jnumed.121.262128
发表时间：
2021-07-01
期刊：
Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine
影响因子：
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作者：
Blazhenets G;Schroeter N;Bormann T;Thurow J;Wagner D;Frings L;Weiller C;Meyer PT;Dressing A;Hosp JA
通讯作者：
Hosp JA
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Elliott LT;Sharp K;Alfaro-Almagro F;Shi S;Miller KL;Douaud G;Marchini J;Smith SM
通讯作者：
Smith SM
影响因子：
13.6
作者：
通讯作者：
--
影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Avery, Jason A.;Liu, Alexander G.;Martin, Alex
通讯作者：
Martin, Alex
影响因子：
5.7
作者：
Ferdon, S;Murphy, C
通讯作者：
Murphy, C