The ethics of advancing artificial intelligence in healthcare: analyzing ethical considerations for Japan's innovative AI hospital system.
The ethics of advancing artificial intelligence in healthcare: analyzing ethical considerations for Japan's innovative AI hospital system.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpubh.2023.1142062
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Katirai, Amelia
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Katirai, Amelia
全球范围内，对开发数字医疗技术（包括人工智能）的公共和私人投资正在加强。日本是一个重要的案例研究，因为政府进行了重大投资，部分是通过跨部门战略创新促进计划（SIP）进行的“创新人工智能医院系统”。然而，很少有严格的审查SIP研究计划，特别是从道德的方法。本文报告了对该计划的分析，以确定它在多大程度上解决了世界卫生组织2021年人工智能健康伦理和治理指南中规定的伦理问题。根据《指南》中提出的六项道德原则建立了一个编码框架，并将其用作内容分析的基础。在该计划中确定了101个参考框架的方面，但对伦理原则的关注是不平衡的，从最关注人工智能对医疗保健专业人员和患者的潜在好处（n = 44;原则2）到不考虑响应或可持续人工智能的需求（n = 0;原则6）。最终，调查结果表明，该计划反映了对开发和实施用于医疗保健目的的人工智能所产生的伦理问题的考虑不足。该案例研究表明，鉴于使用数字医疗技术的伦理复杂性，必须在未来的医疗保健人工智能计划中迫切考虑世界卫生组织提出的各种伦理问题。
Public and private investments into developing digital health technologies—including artificial intelligence (AI)—are intensifying globally. Japan is a key case study given major governmental investments, in part through a Cross-Ministerial Strategic Innovation Promotion Program (SIP) for an “Innovative AI Hospital System.” Yet, there has been little critical examination of the SIP Research Plan, particularly from an ethics approach. This paper reports on an analysis of the Plan to identify the extent to which it addressed ethical considerations set out in the World Health Organization’s 2021 Guidance on the Ethics and Governance of Artificial Intelligence for Health. A coding framework was created based on the six ethical principles proposed in the Guidance and was used as the basis for a content analysis. 101 references to aspects of the framework were identified in the Plan, but attention to the ethical principles was found to be uneven, ranging from the strongest focus on the potential benefits of AI to healthcare professionals and patients (n = 44; Principle 2), to no consideration of the need for responsive or sustainable AI (n = 0; Principle 6). Ultimately, the findings show that the Plan reflects insufficient consideration of the ethical issues that arise from developing and implementing AI for healthcare purposes. This case study is used to argue that, given the ethical complexity of the use of digital health technologies, consideration of the full range of ethical concerns put forward by the WHO must urgently be made visible in future plans for AI in healthcare.
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影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Hsieh, HF;Shannon, SE
通讯作者：
Shannon, SE
影响因子：
15.2
作者：
Fogel, Alexander L.;Kvedar, Joseph C.
通讯作者：
Kvedar, Joseph C.
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Katirai, Amelia;Kogetsu, Atsushi;Kato, Kazuto;Yamamoto, Beverley
通讯作者：
Yamamoto, Beverley
影响因子：
1.8
作者：
Dalton-Brown, Sally
通讯作者：
Dalton-Brown, Sally
DOI：
10.31662/jmaj.2021-0133
发表时间：
2022-01-17
期刊：
JMA journal
影响因子：
--
作者：
Nakamura Y
通讯作者：
Nakamura Y