Optical modulation of neurotransmission using calcium photocurrents through the ion channel LiGluR.

Optical modulation of neurotransmission using calcium photocurrents through the ion channel LiGluR.
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DOI:
10.3389/fnmol.2013.00003
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发表时间:
2013
影响因子:
4.8
通讯作者:
Gorostiza P
Gorostiza P
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Izquierdo-Serra M;Trauner D;Llobet A;Gorostiza P

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广泛的光激活分子(光开关和光触发器)已被用于通过突触前和突触后作用来研究分离神经元的计算特性。然而,新的工具正在寻求引起突触前钙内流,触发神经递质的释放,其中大多数基于钙渗透性视紫红质-2突变体。在这里,我们描述了一种方法来控制突触囊泡的胞吐作用,通过使用一个光门控谷氨酸受体(LiGluR),这是最近被证明,支持分泌通过在嗜铬细胞中的钙离子流入。LiGluR在海马神经元中的表达使得能够用光可逆地控制神经传递,并且允许用照明的波长调节突触后神经元的放电速率。这种方法对于确定单个突触的复杂传递函数可能是有用的。
A wide range of light-activated molecules (photoswitches and phototriggers) have been used to the study of computational properties of an isolated neuron by acting pre and postsynaptically. However, new tools are being pursued to elicit a presynaptic calcium influx that triggers the release of neurotransmitters, most of them based in calcium-permeable Channelrhodopsin-2 mutants. Here we describe a method to control exocytosis of synaptic vesicles through the use of a light-gated glutamate receptor (LiGluR), which has recently been demonstrated that supports secretion by means of calcium influx in chromaffin cells. Expression of LiGluR in hippocampal neurons enables reversible control of neurotransmission with light, and allows modulating the firing rate of the postsynaptic neuron with the wavelength of illumination. This method may be useful for the determination of the complex transfer function of individual synapses.
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