Circular DNA elements of chromosomal origin are common in healthy human somatic tissue.

Circular DNA elements of chromosomal origin are common in healthy human somatic tissue.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41467-018-03369-8
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发表时间:
2018-03-14
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Regenberg B
Regenberg B
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Møller HD;Mohiyuddin M;Prada-Luengo I;Sailani MR;Halling JF;Plomgaard P;Maretty L;Hansen AJ;Snyder MP;Pilegaard H;Lam HYK;Regenberg B

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人类基因组通常被组织成稳定的染色体,并且已知只有肿瘤细胞积累了核糖核酸酶(kb)大小的染色体外环状DNA元件(eccDNA)。然而,必须预期kb eccDNA作为突变的结果存在于正常细胞中。在这里,我们从16名健康男性的肌肉和血液样本中纯化和测序eccDNA,从1600万个细胞核中检测到约10万种独特的eccDNA类型。这些结构中有一半携带基因或基因片段,大多数小于25 kb。从eccDNA的转录表明,eccDNA驻留在细胞核中,某些eccDNA在几个个体中的复发意味着DNA环化热点。基因丰富的染色体每兆碱基贡献更多的eccDNA,肌肉中转录最多的蛋白质编码基因TTN(肌联蛋白)每个基因提供最多的eccDNA。因此,体细胞基因组富含染色体来源的eccDNA,其可通过改变基因拷贝数和全长或截短基因的转录来影响表型。体细胞可以积累结构变异,如缺失。在这里,Møller等人表明,正常的人类细胞产生大的染色体外环状DNA(eccDNA),最有可能是切除DNA的产物,它可以是转录活性的,因此可能具有表型后果。
The human genome is generally organized into stable chromosomes, and only tumor cells are known to accumulate kilobase (kb)-sized extrachromosomal circular DNA elements (eccDNAs). However, it must be expected that kb eccDNAs exist in normal cells as a result of mutations. Here, we purify and sequence eccDNAs from muscle and blood samples from 16 healthy men, detecting ~100,000 unique eccDNA types from 16 million nuclei. Half of these structures carry genes or gene fragments and the majority are smaller than 25 kb. Transcription from eccDNAs suggests that eccDNAs reside in nuclei and recurrence of certain eccDNAs in several individuals implies DNA circularization hotspots. Gene-rich chromosomes contribute to more eccDNAs per megabase and the most transcribed protein-coding gene in muscle, TTN (titin), provides the most eccDNAs per gene. Thus, somatic genomes are rich in chromosome-derived eccDNAs that may influence phenotypes through altered gene copy numbers and transcription of full-length or truncated genes. Somatic cells can accumulate structural variations such as deletions. Here, Møller et al. show that normal human cells generate large extrachromosomal circular DNAs (eccDNAs), most likely the products of excised DNA, that can be transcriptionally active and, thus, may have phenotypic consequences.
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