Cortical Correlates of Increased Postural Task Difficulty in Young Adults: A Combined Pupillometry and EEG Study.
Cortical Correlates of Increased Postural Task Difficulty in Young Adults: A Combined Pupillometry and EEG Study.
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DOI：
10.3390/s22155594
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发表时间：
2022-07-26
期刊：
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Devos, Hannes
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kahya, Melike;Liao, Ke;Gustafson, Kathleen M.;Akinwuntan, Abiodun E.;Manor, Brad;Devos, Hannes
姿势任务难度的增加与瞳孔反应、后α功率和额中央θ/β功率比的更大反应相关。在有或没有双重任务的情况下闭眼站立时，更大的瞳孔反应与较低的后脑电图α功率相关。最后，在双任务眼闭塞期间，较大的瞳孔反应与较低的前后方向 CoP 位移相关。瞳孔反应反映了认知和/或运动任务（包括站立姿势控制）期间的精神努力（或认知工作负荷）。脑电图已被证明是一种评估姿势控制皮质参与的非侵入性测量方法。本研究的目的是了解增加姿势任务难度对年轻人瞳孔反应和脑电图结果的影响及其关系。十五名成年人完成了多次站立试验：睁眼、睁眼执行双重任务（听觉二背）、闭眼、闭眼执行双重任务。在这种情况下，参与者站在测力板上，佩戴眼动仪和 256 通道脑电图帽。分析了绝对 theta (4–7 Hz)、alpha (8–13 Hz) 和 beta (13–30 Hz) 频段的功率谱。姿势任务难度的增加与更大的瞳孔反应（p < 0.001）以及后部区域α功率（p = 0.001）和额中央区域theta/beta功率比（p = 0.01）的增加相关。在闭眼站立（r = -0.67，p = 0.01）和没有（r = -0.69，p = 0.01）双重任务时，更大的瞳孔反应与较低的后脑电图α功率相关。在双任务闭眼站立期间，较大的瞳孔反应与较低的前后方向 CoP 位移相关（r = -0.60，p = 0.04）。瞳孔反应和脑电图α功率似乎捕捉到了类似的皮层过程，这些过程在逐渐更具挑战性的姿势任务条件下越来越多地被利用。由于瞳孔反应也与任务表现相关，因此这种测量可以作为一种有价值的独立或辅助工具来了解姿势控制的潜在神经生理学机制。
Increased postural task difficulty was associated with greater responses for pupillary response, posterior alpha power, and fronto-central theta/beta power ratio. Greater pupillary response correlated with lower posterior EEG alpha power during eyes occluded standing with and without dual-task. Lastly, a greater pupillary response was associated with lower CoP displacement in the anterior-posterior direction during dual-task eyes occluded. The pupillary response reflects mental effort (or cognitive workload) during cognitive and/or motor tasks including standing postural control. EEG has been shown to be a non-invasive measure to assess the cortical involvement of postural control. The purpose of this study was to understand the effect of increasing postural task difficulty on the pupillary response and EEG outcomes and their relationship in young adults. Fifteen adults completed multiple trials of standing: eyes open, eyes open while performing a dual-task (auditory two-back), eyes occluded, and eyes occluded with a dual-task. Participants stood on a force plate and wore an eye tracker and 256-channel EEG cap during the conditions. The power spectrum was analyzed for absolute theta (4–7 Hz), alpha (8–13 Hz), and beta (13–30 Hz) frequency bands. Increased postural task difficulty was associated with greater pupillary response (p < 0.001) and increased posterior region alpha power (p = 0.001) and fronto-central region theta/beta power ratio (p = 0.01). Greater pupillary response correlated with lower posterior EEG alpha power during eyes-occluded standing with (r = −0.67, p = 0.01) and without (r = −0.69, p = 0.01) dual-task. A greater pupillary response was associated with lower CoP displacement in the anterior–posterior direction during dual-task eyes-occluded standing (r = −0.60, p = 0.04). The pupillary response and EEG alpha power appear to capture similar cortical processes that are increasingly utilized during progressively more challenging postural task conditions. As the pupillary response also correlated with task performance, this measurement may serve as a valuable stand-alone or adjunct tool to understand the underlying neurophysiological mechanisms of postural control.
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