Fitting CRISPR-associated Cas3 into the helicase family tree.

Fitting CRISPR-associated Cas3 into the helicase family tree.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.sbi.2014.01.001
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发表时间:
2014-02
影响因子:
6.8
通讯作者:
Wiedenheft B
Wiedenheft B
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Jackson RN;Lavin M;Carter J;Wiedenheft B

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解旋酶利用NTP来调节它们与核酸的结合,并且这些酶中的许多还以NTP依赖性方式解旋DNA或RNA双链体。这些蛋白质在遗传学上相关,但功能多样,在核酸代谢的几乎所有方面都具有重要作用。最近,在细菌和古细菌中发现了一类与RNA引导的适应性免疫系统相关的解旋酶。原核生物通过将外源核酸的短片段整合到被称为CRISPR(重复的规则间隔短回文重复序列)的宿主染色体中的重复基因座中来获得对入侵遗传寄生虫的抗性。CRISPR相关基因3(cas3)编码一种保守的解旋酶蛋白,这是噬菌体防御所必需的。在这里,我们回顾了Cas3生物学的最新进展,并提供了一个新的系统发育框架,在解旋酶家族树中定位Cas3。我们预计,这种Cas3基因将指导未来的生物化学和结构研究。
Helicases utilize NTPs to modulate their binding to nucleic acids and many of these enzymes also unwind DNA or RNA duplexes in an NTP-dependent fashion. These proteins are phylogenetically related but functionally diverse, with essential roles in virtually all aspects of nucleic acid metabolism. A new class of helicases associated with RNA-guided adaptive immune systems in bacteria and archaea has recently been identified. Prokaryotes acquire resistance to invading genetic parasites by integrating short fragments of foreign nucleic acids into repetitive loci in the host chromosome known as CRISPRs (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats). CRISPR-associated gene 3 (cas3) encodes a conserved helicase protein that is essential for phage defense. Here we review recent advances in Cas3 biology, and provide a new phylogenetic framework that positions Cas3 in the helicase family tree. We anticipate that this Cas3 phylogeny will guide future biochemical and structural studies.
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